Module 1 Flashcards
(46 cards)
Describe Europe in the Middle Ages.
Europe was poor and lightly populated.
What did the Silk Road bring to Europe?
It brought spices, silk, and luxury goods, but Europeans had little to offer (except slaves).
What disease wiped out Europeans?
In the 14th century- cities/towns were rebounding after the Black Death.
What allowed people to trade over the sea?
The Mediterranean highway.
In the early 14th century, what was the accidental discovery?
The Canary Islands were discovered and were a huge navigation accomplishment pad for future expeditions.
Most expeditions by the Spanish were =
private ventures, with some royal sanction/license.
By _____century,_____ was expanding in size, wealth and power.
15th century, Ottoman Empire
Who was threatened by the Ottoman Empire’s expansion?
The European Christians.
In what year did Constantinople fall to the Ottoman Empire’s control?
1453
What were the Portuguese doing in the 15th century?
Portuguese hopped down the coast of Africa, setting up trading posts.
Who gave the Portuguese the funding to travel? What did he want in return?
Henry the Navigator gave the Portuguese funding to travel to the coast of Africa, as long as he got 20% of the profit.
In what years did Columbus make his voyages?
1492, 1493, 1498, and 1502
Who gave Columbus his funding to travel?
Columbus got funding from the Spanish monarchs who were threatened by the Muslim faith. He got 3 boats, sailors, and a title.
What was Columbus like?
Was an amazing sailor, but refused to acknowledge when he was wrong. Became irrationally religious and died in shame and poverty.
___ drew ____ in ____.
Pope drew the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1492. Spain got the east, Portugal got the west.
What were the motivations for exploration?
God- anxious to expand Christianity, competition with Islam.
Glory- an honor for the Kingdom.
Gold- profit
Technology-improvement in shipbuilding.
Curiosity- about other people and the natural world.
What was the Aztec capital city?
Tenochtitlan (today’s Mexico City). They were advanced at engineering, architecture, astronomy, math, and hieroglyphics.
What are Chinampas?
Floating gardens to support a large population (Aztecs).
What were the Aztecs like before the Spanish?
By the 1430s- they were aggressively expanding and dominating. Neighboring tribes were conquered or subjected to a “tribute” system. Believed in sacrifices to the Gods.
Who was Hernan Cortes?
Was ambitious, adventurous, fearless, and wasn’t authorized to travel to Mexico by the Spanish crown.
Where did Hernan Cortes travel to?
Hopped over from Cuba to the coast of Mexico, then worked his way inland gathering support from local tribes.
When was the Siege of Tenochtitlan?
May-August 1521
What were some of the Spaniards’ advantages during the Siege of Tenochtitlan?
Superior weapons, use of horses and dogs, support of local tribes, and imported European diseases.
What were the Codices?
Books were commissioned by the Spanish government to inform Spanish royalty about their new lands. Contained history/culture of the area.
