Module 1 Flashcards by Sarah Jordan

Neuromaturationist stages and driving forces

Stages are a result of CNS maturation
Alterations of flexor vs extensor dominance and CNS maturation drive changes

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Neuromaturationist building blocks

Primitive reflexes

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Cognitive behavioral stages and driving forces

Stages are from behavioral, environmental interacts
Driving forces is interaction

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cognitive behavioral building blocks

pavlovian and operant responses to environment

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cognitive piageteian stages and driving forces

stages show equal and unequal
driving forces are interaction between cognitive neural structures and environmental opportunities

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cognitive piagetian building blocks

reflexes go first and then you develop voluntary actions

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motor learning stages and driving forces

no specific stages- associative, autonomous and cognitive
driving forces are trial and error to develop motor programming and using recall

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motor learning building blocks

practicing tasks and general recall and recognition

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dynamical systems stages and driving forces

stages are states of stability from self organization
driving forces are recognizing opportunity in the enivonrment and responding to tasks

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dynamical systems building blocks

combination of multiple systems and self exploring the environment at own rate

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what are some external factors of child development

size, culture, task demands, MSK

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what are some internal factors of child development

cognitive and behavioral factors, sensory

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IFC components (normal)

body structure, activity, participation, environment, and personal factors

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IFC components (kids)

fitness, function, friends, fun, family

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what are the two options to reference measurements to?

norms and criterion

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when to reference to norms

to identify delay
good for EI referrals

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when to reference to criterion

looking at mastery of specific tasks

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examples of norms testing for kids

Peabody Developmental Motor Scales
Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT)

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examples of criterion testing for kids

Hawaii Early Learning Profile
School Function Assessment

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Bell curve standard deviation percentages

1 SD: 68%
2 SD: 95%
3 SD: 99.7%

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standard score shows what

degree to which mean score is different from group mean

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equation for standard score

Z= X- M/ SD
x is raw score
m is mean of group

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what is equivalent score?

when the raw score is the same as the mean for a norm group

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basal level

assumption that the test taker can get all the correct responses below the level

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ceiling level

assumption that the test taker can no get any higher items on a test because it is too high level

basal level example on peabody

score of 2 on 3 consecutive items

ceiling level example on peabody

score of zero on 3 consecutive items

age for AIMS

up to 18 months

how to calculate adjusted age for AIMS

if gestation is less than 37 then you subtract thee gestational time from 40 weeks and then subtract that from chronological age

at what age can you use adjusted age for

2 years

5 roles in pediatric PT for PTs

identify constraints look at environment create therapeutic environment for practice promote exploration of different movement patterns use high dosage

dosing in pediatric PT

how often and how long they practice is very important

external factors to nervous system in pediatrics

body mass MSK (high COM- hard to be upright) cultural differences tasks demands of child/fam

internal factors to nervous system in pediatrics

kids move for things they want cognitive and behavioral sensory

important aspect to manage Childs POC

include family- look at intrinsic and extrinsic factors

what interacts for postural control

sensory, MSK, and motor systems

stability

control COM in relation to BOS

orientation

fluid coordination and alignment of segments

how does postural control emerge?

gain control of the head and neck with visual and vestibular integration. move from wide BOS and high guard to more upright with narrow COM and BOS

how to get child to engage in their environment for development

chose tasks that drive the kid

3 types of systems theories for postural control

steady state proactive/ anticipatory reactive/ compensatory

ability for steady state posture

neuromuscular- muscle tone and tightness some sensory components

strategies for reactive posture

ankle- fixed hip- fixed stepping- change of support reach to grasp- change of support

what muscles does forward sway use

posterior muscles

what muscles does backwards sway use

anterior muscles

what type of kids is anticipatory posture difficulty for

kids with cognitive and visual delays and impairments uses vision, vestibular, and somatosensory

righting reaction

slight perturbation within BOS

moderate perturbation to limits of BOS

equilibrium/ tilting reactions - using rotatory components

extreme perturbation beyond BOS

protective extension (reach out hands)

visual role in early development

child needs to look around at things for head and neck development

somatosensory role early development

influence motor development and postural control

how to evaluate a child's balance control if impaired

look at BOS, COM, and support surfaces look at quality of movement observe all planes of movement look at coordination and co contraction and activation ability for dissociation

what is co contraction

around joint for stability

what is co activation

muscles turning on

what is dissociation

selectively separating upper vs lower, left vs right, within limb

what is segmental assessment of trunk control (SATCO)

belting system that goes higher as child needs more support

gentille's taxonomy

closed vs open setting up environment to see abilities intertrial variability object manipulation (dual task) implicit vs explicit learning

how to use feedback to have child for from external to internal knowledge

fade out

what does AIMS evaluate?

Developmental motor milestones in 4 positions (supine, prone, sitting, standing) Evaluates weight bearing, posture, and antigravity movements

what does BOT evaluate?

fine and gross motor skills Body composition composite (bilateral coordination and balance) Strength and agility composite (strength, running speed & agility)

ages for BOT

4-21 years old

what does Peabody evaluate

gross and fine motor skills Stationary Locomotion Object manipulation

ages for peabody

0-5 years old

what does TGMD evaluate?

locomotor and ball skills

what happens with neuronal development in 1st and 2nd trimester?

migration of neurons to correct position within brain

what happens with neuronal development in 2nd and 3rd trimesters?

multiplication, differentiation, axons, and dendrites neurotransmitters help form synapses

when does pruning begin during pregnancy?

3rd trimester

what is apoptosis

cell pruning and death

what is neurogenesis and gliogenesis

cell proliferation

age for rolling

4-5 months

age for crawling

6-9 months

age for sitting supported

0-4 months

age for sitting unsupported

5-12 months

Agee for standing supported

8 months

age for first steps

11-13.5 months

age for walking alone

11.5-14 months

what helps progress children to higher levels of motor development skills?

increased time upright lower COM greater stability strength coactivation dissociation weight shifting

what age for creeping on stairs

12-15 months

important considerations for handling and facilitation

firm hold use most of hand with pressure dispersed hand on muscle belly hand in direction of movement hand for grounding/ stabilization

what do pediatric PTs need to acknowledge when providing care?

family context and social systems

babinski reflex

28 weeks- 1 year

flexor withdrawal reflex

28 weeks to life

galant reflex

28 weeks to 2 months

moro reflex

28 weeks to 3-5 months

primary standing reflex

35 weeks- 2 months

primary walking reflex

37 weeks to 3-5 months

neck righting reflex

birth to 4 months

rooting reflex

32 weeks to 3 months

suck reflex

32-36 weeks to 5 months

ATNR

20 weeks to 4-5 months

tonic labyrinthine

in utero to 5-7 months

palmar reflex

28 weeks to 4-6 months

plantar reflex

28 weeks to 9 months

gabella reflex

life

pull to sit age

0-5 months

supported sit

0-4 months

sitting

5-12 months

when do abs activate?

6 months

prone on extended arms

4-7 months

reciprocal creeping

12 months

crawling

6-9 months

roll prone to sl

5 months

mature rolling

7-9 months

standing

7-12 months

Module 1 Flashcards

(105 cards)