module 1 Flashcards
(21 cards)
population health
concerned with health outcomes, patterns of health determinants, and policies and interventions that link these two
public health
works to track disease outbreaks, prevent illness and injuries and shed light on why some of us are more likely to suffer than others
community health
primarily organized around a geographical area, shares the same goals with population and public health. the major difference is how to achieve these goals. the interventions and methods change based on the community being studied and observed
causal thinking
every outlier (illness or disparity) can be traced back to a cause
what do the 10 essential public health services provide
framework for public health to protect and promote health of all people in all communities. to achieve optimal health for all, they actively promote policies, systems, and services that enable good health and seek to remove obstacles and systemic and structural barriers, such as poverty, racism, gender discrimination, and other forms of oppression, that have resulted in health inequities.
what are the umbrella terms of the 10 essential public health services
assurance
- organizational infrastructure
- evaluation, research, and quality improvement
- diverse and skilled workforce
- enable equitable access
policy development
- communicate effectively to inform and educate
- support communities and partnerships
- create and implement policies, plans, and laws
- utilize legal and regulatory actions
assessment
- assess and monitor population health
- investigate, diagnose, and address health hazards and root causes
what are the major community assessment parameters?
aggregates
- people who have common characteristics
location in space and/or time
- the “where and when”
social system
- the relationship the community members form with one another
leading health indicators that are not changing
- new cases of diabetes
- sexually active females receiving reproductive health services
- obesity among children and adolescents
- binge drinking in adults
leading health indicators that are getting worse
- oral health services utilization
- adolescents with major depressive disorder within the past 12 months
- suicide rates
what are social determinants of health?
refers tot eh conditions in the environments where people are born, live, work, play, worship, or congregate.
- education
- economic stability
- health and health care
- social and community context
- neighborhood and built environment
name the four types of healthcare systems
- beveridge model
- bismarck model
- national health insurance model
- private insurance system
describe the beveridge model
government provides health care for all its citizens through income tax payments
examples include italy, denmark, spain, sweden
describe the bismarck model
also referred to as “social health insurance model”, a limited healthcare system. people pay a fee that pays for healthcare activities, can be provided by state-owned institutions, other government owned institutions, or private institutions.
examples include germany, austria, switzerland, south korea
describe the national health insurance model
has elements of both the beveridge and bismarck models. uses private sector providers. payment comes from government run insurance program that all citizens fund through a premium or tax
examples include canada and taiwan
describe the private insurance system
everything is through the private sector. insurance paid by employees or citizens - providers are private
medicare
offered by the federal government and is available to those 65 and older, younger people with disabilities and people with end stage renal disease
medicaid
available to certain groups of individuals and is offered by the states
mandatory groups include
- low income families
- qualified pregnant women and children and individuals receiving SSI
what did the affordable care act of 2010 do
created the oppportunity for state to expand medicaid to cover nearly all low income americans under the age of 65
important elements of the inflation reduction act
- part D changes
- negotiation of drug prices coming in 2023
- inflation rebate
core competencies of case management and care coordination
- assess impacting factors
- coordinate services
- navigate financing
- knowledge of nursing concepts
- knowledge of community resources
what is the purpose of case management and care coordination
deliberately organizing patient care activities and sharing information among all the participants concerned with a patient’s care to achieve safer and more effective care (bedside shift reports, grand rounds)
