MODULE 1 Flashcards
(42 cards)
the interaction of two distinct elements, where each of the elements — possess essential characteristics, which affect and specify social behavior.
Self and Society
may also refer to the process of continuously ongoing social interaction from which social behavior is performed.
Self and Society
understood as a symbol-using individual who can reflect on his/her
own behavior. It organizes one’s thoughts, feelings, actions and enables one to
remember the past, assess the present, and project the future.
Self
refers to what we know and believe about ourselves.
Self-concept
refers to our knowledge of our mental states which includes our beliefs, desire, and sensations.
Self-knowledge
refers to a person’s overall self-evaluation or sense of self-worth whether positive or negative. It tends to be stable over time.
Self-esteem
which refers to the product of our interaction/relationships with other
people.
Social self
Three basic roots of selfhood:
a. reflexive consciousness
b. interpersonal relations
c. making choices/exerting control
structured relations and institutions among a large community of people which cannot be reduced to a simple aggregation of individuals
Society
What influences our sense of self?
- Other’s view of us
- Comparison with others
- The groups we belong to
- The audiences we have
“states that part of how we see ourselves comes from our perception of how others see us”
looking-glass self
Also, our sense of self is influenced by the ___. This “occurs when we are labeled, and others’ views and expectations of us are affected by that labeling”
Labeling Bias
“occurs when we learn about our abilities and skills, about the appropriateness and validity of our opinions, and about our relative social status by comparing our own
attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors with those of others”
Social Comparison Theory
The theory “asserts that we draw part of our sense of identity and self-esteem from the social groups that we belong to”
Social Identity Theory
the tendency to present a positive self-image to others, with the
goal of increasing our social status”. It refers to how one
expresses himself/herself/theirself and behaves in ways that attempt to convey
information or image about oneself and create a desired impression. There are various self-presentations:
Self-presentation
Types of Self-presentation
- Self-promotion
- Exemplification
- False Modesty
- Intimidation
- Supplication
- Ingratiation
refers to conveying positive information about the self either through one’s behavior or by telling others about one’s positive assets and accomplishments; you point out your abilities and accomplishments to be seen as competent by others.
Self-promotion
shown by eliciting perceptions of integrity and moral worthiness; you engage in self–sacrifice or go above and beyond the call of duty to be viewed as dedicated by others.
Exemplification
shown by under-representing one’s traits, contributions, or
accomplishments.
False Modesty
manifested by arousing fear and gaining power by convincing others that one is dangerous; you signal your power or potential to punish to be viewed as dangerous by others.
Intimidation
done by advertising one’s weaknesses, shortcomings, or dependence to solicit help or sympathy.
Supplication
shown by saying positive things to someone for them to like you; you do favors or use flattery to be seen as likeable by others.
Ingratiation
What are the major perspectives about the self?
- Essentialism
- Self- constructionist View
is a belief that things have a set of characteristics which make them what they are.
Essentialism
