Flashcards in Module 1 Deck (27)
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1
entire group of individuals that researcher wants to study
Population
2
subset of of individuals from a populations from which an investigator draws conclusions
Sample
3
numerical measurements taken from a population
Parameters
4
statistics used to describe or depict data
Descriptive Statistics
5
statistics that allow a researcher to generalize the results form a sample to a population through hypothesis testing
Inferential Statistics
6
a list of the entire population you are interested in
Sampling Frame
7
when a sample has the same characteristics of the population
Representative
8
difference between a sample and a parameter
Sampling Error
9
variable that is manipulated to determine its effect on another
Independent Variable (Grouping Variable)
10
variable that is measured in response to manipulation of the independent variable
Dependent Variable (Outcome Variable)
11
NOIR
Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio Variables
12
These are considered discrete variables...
Nominal Ordinal
13
These are considered continuous variables...
Interval Ratio
14
level of measurement in which data is classified into mutually exclusive categories
Nominal
15
level of measurement in which data is classified into mutually exclusive categories however, ranking or ordering is imposed on categories
Ordinal
16
level of measurement in which data is classified into categories with ranking and are mutually exclusive as in ordinal level of measurement but additionally, specific meanings are applied to the distances between categories- distances are assumed to be equal and can be measured
Interval
17
Which level of measurement lacks an absolute zero point?
Interval
18
level of measurement that is interval measurement with the addition of a meaningful zero
Ratio
19
statistics that summarize the data from a sample, instrument, or scale such as tendency or variation
Descriptive Statistics
20
statistics that allow a researcher to generalize about a population based on the results from the sample
Inferential Statistics
21
variables that may influence the relationship between the variables in the study or could compete with the independent variable in explaining the outcome
Confounding Variable (aka Intervening, Extraneous, Controlled, Hidden)
22
extent to which assessments are consistent
Reliability
23
refers to how well a test measures what it intends to measure
Validity
24
a variable that takes on one of only two possible values when observed or measured. The value is most often a representation for a measured variable (e.g., age: under 65/65 and over) or an attribute (e.g., gender: male/female).
Dichotomous Variable
25
a variable that can be counted and has a finite and fixed number of possible values (i.e. every value is assigned to a particular group or category...variables measured at the nominal and ordinal level
Categorical Variable
26
variables that have every possible value on a continuum
Continuous Variable
27
