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Conditions in Childhood > Module 1 conditions > Flashcards

Module 1 conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Family- Centered Care

A
  • Listen with empathy to understand needs & concerns
  • Verbally acknowledge family priorities
  • Make adaptations based on parent input
  • Parents have veto power
  • Parents have full participation in team
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2
Q

What are the principles guiding OT?

A

-Client centered practice
 Client therapist collaboration
-Occupation centered practice
 Client’s meaningful occupation within their setting
-Evidence based practice
 Application of current research finding on evaluations &
intervention methods
-Culturally relevant practice
 Acknowledgement of occupations based on cultural norms and expectation

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3
Q

What are the 3 essential elements of cultural competence?

A

3 essential elements
Self awareness of own competence
Knowledge of cultures Interactional skills sensitive to
cultures

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4
Q

What is the ICF? The version an OT uses?

A

-International classification of
health interventions
-OTs own version of ICF = OT Practice Framework

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5
Q

Name maternity complications that complicate pregnancy

A
  • Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

- Maternal Diabetes Trauma & abuse

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6
Q

Name obstetric complications that complicate pregnancy

A

Obstetric Conditions

  • Preterm labor
  • Preterm membrane rupture
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7
Q

Name special conditions that complicate pregnancy

A

Special Conditions

  • Abnormal placentation
  • Multiple gestations
  • Birth injury, defects
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8
Q

Number of weeks for extremely pre-term?

A

less than 27 weeks

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9
Q

Average birth weight?
LBW?
VLBW?
ELBW?

A

Average weight: >2500 grams
LBW: 1500-2500 grams
VLBW: 1000-1499 grams
ELBW:

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10
Q

Prematurity?

A

27-37 weeks gestational age

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11
Q

Define gestational age?

A

age of embryo/fetus

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12
Q

AGA?
SGA?
LGA?

A 
AGA = appropriate for GA 
SGA = small for GA
LGA = Large for GA
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13
Q

Common signs and symptoms of prematurity

A 
Plantar creases may be absent 
Eyes shut
Hypotonia
Poor physiological flexion 
Primitive reflexes may be absent
Communicate stress through behaviors
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14
Q

Name 6 common problems associated with prematurity

A
  • Respiratory Distress syndrome (RDS)
  • Bronchiopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)
  • Intraventricular Hemorrhage (IVH)
  • Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL)
  • Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)
  • Necrotizing entercolitis (NEC)
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15
Q

Elaborate on RDS

A

-dependent on GA
-Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or nasal
canula

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16
Q

Elaborate Bronchiopulmonary dysplasia (BPD):

A

development of lung damage from fluid and scar tissue (prolonged mechanical ventilation)

17
Q

Elaborate on IVH

A

bleed in the brain

18
Q

What is Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL) ?

A

softening of brain tissue around ventricles

19
Q

Define:Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP)

A

> 32 wks

Abnormal dvlp of eye blood vessels/ may damage retina

20
Q

Define:Necrotizing entercolitis (NEC)

A

-portion of intestines become necrotic as a result of lack of O2 and bacteria invasion
Short gut syndrome may occur

21
Q

Organic Sources for Failure to thrive?

A 
Organic sources
Oral motor dysfunction
 Poor suck/swallow/breathe synchrony
 Disease processes; Developmental Delays 
Sensory dysfunction
22
Q

Non organic sources for failure to thrive?

A

Non organic sources
Parenting; neglect
Inappropriate feeding practices

23
Q

What is CP?

A

What is it?
A grouping of syndromes that affect movement,
tone, and coordination due to brain lesion/insult
Dependent on the area of brain affected

24
Q

Criteria for CP?

A

Criteria:
Injury occurs during development (pre, peri,post-natal); occurs prior to 2 years old
Non progressive
Sensorimotor development is always involved
Lifelong disability

25
Q

CP birth complications percentage

A

10%

hypoxema

26
Q

When the most damage CP

A

Most of the damage occurs prenatally (70%)

27
Q

When is CP detected?

A

Usually detected by 12-18 months

28
Q

What other causes of CP exists?

A 
Others causes are unknown but present with risk
factors…such as,
Prematurity & LBW
Parent age
Environmental toxins
Radiation damage
Malnutrition
29
Q

CP incidence/prevalence?

A

Incidence/Prevalence

1.5-4/1,000 births 8,000 diagnosed/year

30
Q

CP signs & symptoms

A

Signs & Symptoms
Earliest indicator is muscle tone
Hypertonicity/spasticity Hypotonicity Fluctuating tone

31
Q

What reflex abnormalities are associated CP?

A 
Reflex Abnormalities
-Upper Motor Neuron lesion
 Hyperreflexia  Enhanced stretch reflex  Clonus, cogwheeling, leadpipe
-Lower Motor Neuron Lesion
 Hypotonia  areflexia
32
Q

CP signs symptoms:
Postural abnormalities ?
Delayed motor development?
Atypical Motor Performance?

A 
Signs & Symptoms
-Postural Abnormalities
Observed at rest
Uncontrollable postural changes
-Delayed Motor Development
Milestones delayed (independent sitting)
-Atypical Motor Performance
Atypical crawling, hand use, reach, sucking, chewing, and
swallowing
33
Q

Define hypertonia/hypertonic

A

Hypertonia/Hypertonic — increased muscle tone,

often resulting in very stiff limbs. Hypertonia is associated with spastic cerebral palsy.

34
Q

Define hypotonia/hypotonic

A

Hypotonia/Hypotonic — decreased muscle tone,

often resulting in loose, floppy limbs. Hypotonia is associated with non-spastic cerebral palsy

35
Q

Pyramidal or spastic

A

Pyramidal or spastic cerebral palsy (70%-80%)

  • pyramidal tract consists of two groups of nerve fibers responsible for voluntary movements.
  • descend from the cortex into the brain stem 
  • pyramidal tract is damaged or not functioning properly
36
Q

Extrapyramidal or non-spastic cerebral palsy

A

Extrapyramidal or non-spastic cerebral palsy
 injury is outside the tract in areas such as the basal ganglia,
thalamus, and cerebellum.
 Less likely to have mental impairment and seizures  Athetiod or dyskinetic (10%-20%)  Ataxia (5%-10%)

Conditions in Childhood (10 decks)

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