Module 1 Definitions

Question 1

Define Physical Activity

Answer 1

Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure above resting basal levels.

Question 2

Define Exercise

Answer 2

Physical activity that is planned, structured, & repetitive & that has a goal of the improvement or maintenance of physical fitness.

Question 3

Physical Fitness

Answer 3

The capacity of an individual to carry out daily tasks w/ vigor and alertness, without undue fatigue and with ample energy to enjoy leisure pursuits and meet unforeseen emergencies.

Question 4

Homeostasis

Answer 4

The maintenance of key physiological variables w/in a predefined range via feedback mechanisms.

Question 5

Bioenergetics

Answer 5

Science of energy transduction (what energy is and how it is acquired, converted, stored, & used) in biological systems.

Question 6

Thermodynamics

Answer 6

Whether a reaction will occur and in which direction.

Question 7

Kinetics

Answer 7

The rate of which a reaction occurs.

Question 8

Energy

Answer 8

The capacity or ability to perform work. [Joules, calories]

Question 9

Work

Answer 9

The transfer of energy by means other than heat. (Ex. mechanical(muscle contraction), chemical (facilitate mechanical energy/conversion), electrical (move ions to stimulate muscle contraction), osmotic)

Question 10

Power

Answer 10

Amount of work performed over a specific period of time.

Question 11

Sedentary Behaviour

Answer 11

Activity that involves little or no movement or physical activity, having an energy expenditure of about 1-1.5 METs

Question 12

Physiological Threshold

Answer 12

Intensity at which a breakpoint in a physiological variable occurs.

Question 13

Energy Expenditure

Answer 13

The total amount of energy expended during exercise (resting + exercise).

Question 14

Metabolic Equivalence of Task (MET)

Answer 14

An index of energy expenditure. The ratio of energy expended during activity to the rate of energy expended at rest.
1 MET = rate of energy expended while sitting at rest
1 MET = O2 utilization of 3.5 mlkg^-1min^-1 (ml x kg x min)

Question 15

Calorie

Answer 15

Heat Energy required to raise one gram of water one degree.

Question 16

Calorimetry

Answer 16

Procedure to measure metabolic rate

Question 17

Basal Metabolic Rate

Answer 17

Rate of energy metabolism in a resting individual 14-18hrs after eating.

Question 18

Efficiency

Answer 18

Fraction of energy (ATP) released during exercise metabolism that is measured as external work.