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Medicinal Plants > Module 1 Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Module 1 Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Kiwi fruit

A

Vine native to China

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2
Q

Herb

A

Any plant with leaves, seeds, or flowers used for flavoring, food, medicine, or perfume.

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3
Q

Doctrine of Signatures

A

Plants bear a divine mark or sign to indicate their use

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4
Q

Analgesic

A

Pain reliever

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5
Q

Analgesic examples

A

Willow bark and salicin

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6
Q

Astringent

A

Causes contraction of tissues

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7
Q

Astringent example

A

Tannins (suck on a tea bag)

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8
Q

Antiseptic

A

Prevent infection, kill bacteria

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9
Q

Demulcent

A

Soothes irritated mucus membranes

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10
Q

Decoction

A

Water-extract made by boiling

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11
Q

Dermatitis

A

Skin condition manifested by irritation and rash

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12
Q

Plant that causes dermatitis

A

Poison ivy

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13
Q

Diuretic

A

Increases flow of urine

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14
Q

Dropsy

A

(archaic) fluid accumulation from congestive heart failure

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15
Q

Biogeography

A

The branch of biology that deals with the geographical distribution of plants and animals.

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16
Q

Phytogeography

A

The branch of botany that deals with the geographical distribution of plants.

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17
Q

Taxonomy

A

The branch of science concerned with classification

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18
Q

Endemic

A

regularly found among particular people or in a certain area

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19
Q

Endemism

A

the state of a species being native to a single defined geographic location

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20
Q

Cosmopolitan

A

a plant or animal found all over the world

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21
Q

Pantropical

A

occurring or distributed throughout the tropical regions of the earth

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22
Q

Angiosperm

A

Flowering plant

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23
Q

Parts of a scientific name

A

Genus and species (binomial)

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24
Q

Oak types have the same ___ but different ____

A

Genus

Species

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25
Do scientific names vary based on language
No
26
Do scientific names change over time
No
27
How many scientific names does each plant have
One
28
How many common names for a dandelion in english
100+
29
Carolus Linneaus
Swedish scientist and physician who developed the Linnaean system
30
Linnaean system
Two name binomial nomenclature system for identifying and classifying living things
31
What is the Linnaean system based on
Simple heirarchical structure in which organisms are sorted using the nomenclature of Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species
32
Book written by Linnaeus
Materia Medica
33
Are organisms in the same kingdom similar
Not necessarily
34
Members of the same ____ are very similar and can reproduce
Species
35
Plants only pollinate members of their own ____
Species
36
Species
A group of plants that are similar in appearance and interbreed with eachother
37
Genus
A group of similar species, presumably descended from the same ancestor
38
Family
A group of related genera, sharing common floral, fruit, leaf, chemical etc. features
39
Example of family
Mint family
40
How many sepals fused together in mints
5
41
Petals of mint are strongly divided into
Upper and lower lip
42
How many stamens in mint
2 or 4
43
Flowers of mint
Spikes
44
Each mint flower produces ___ hard seeds
4
45
Two examples of medicinal plants
Turmeric and cranberries
46
Turmeric scientific name
Curcuma longa
47
Turmeric
Seasoning similar to ginger
48
Where is turmeric native to
Southern asia rainforests
49
What part of turmeric is harvested and used for seasoning and medicine
Rhizome
50
Medicinal uses of turmeric
- Antifungal - Increases prostaglandin - Similar to ibuprofen - Used for gout, arthritis
51
Active ingredient in turmeric
Curcumin
52
Cranberries have the same ___ as blueberries
Genus
53
Where are cranberries from
Wetlands and bogs
54
Type of plant of cranberries
Evergreen vine
55
Original name of cranberries
Crane berries
56
Scientific name of cranberries
Vaccinium macrocarpon
57
Where are cranberries native to
North America
58
Health benefits of cranberries
- Phenolic compounds - Antioxidants - urinary health: proanthocyanidins
59
Wood nettle scientific name
Laportea canadensis
60
Medicinal benefit of wood nettle
Counterirritant
61
Climbing onion scientific name
Bowiea volubilis
62
What forms crown of blueberries and related plants
Sepals
63
What pollinates blueberries
Bumblebees
64
What pollinates raspberries
Honeybees or bumblebees
65
Leaves of raspberries contain
Tannins
66
Fruit of raspberries contains
Antioxidants
67
Sour cherry scientific name
Prunus cerasus
68
Sweet cherry scientific name
Prunus avium
69
____ cherry is easier to grow
Sour
70
Sugar content of cherries
10%
71
Sour cherry has more ____
Acid
72
What can cherries produce
Hydrogen cyanide (cyanogenic)
73
____ are a form of peach with smooth skin
Nectarines
74
True or false, apricots are similar to peaches and nectarines
False
75
Apricot scientific name
Prunus armeniaca
76
Where did the peach and apricot originate
China
77
Apricots have more ___ than citric acid
Malic
78
Fruit definition
Ripened ovary containing seeds
79
Garden "vegetables" that are actually fruits
Cucumbers Squash Peppers Tomatos
80
Supreme court case that decided a tomato was a fruit
Nix vs. Hedden
81
Alternative
Substance that improves general health (archaic)
82
Diuretic
Increases flow of urine
83
Diaphoretic
Increases sweating, aids in eliminating waste products
84
Emmenagogue
Promotes menstruation
85
Emollient
Softens or soothes rough or inflamed skin
86
Expectorant
Promotes discharge of respiratory mucus
87
Febrifuge
Agent that lowers fever
88
Flatulance
Accumulation of gas in the digestive tract
89
Infusion
Water of alcohol extract of a plant product
90
Example of an infusion
Herbal tea
91
Tincture
Concentrated, standardized water or alcohol solution
92
Hallucinogen
Causes altered states of consciousness
93
Masticatory
Chewed to increase salivation
94
Narcotic
Drug that dulls senses, relieves pain, and induces sleep
95
Nausea
Sick to stomach, dizzy
96
Panacea
Cure all
97
Example of panacea
Ginseng
98
Poultice
Soft medicated cloth applied to wounds
99
Psoraisis
Skin condition such as severe dandruff, non-contagious
100
Stimulant
Increases energy level
101
Styptic
Stops bleeding
102
Soporific
Sleep inducer
103
Synergistic
Increases action of another substance when taken with it
104
Toxic
Any degree of poisonous effect, from annoying to fatal
105
Urticating
Irritant, often causing rash
106
Vermifuge or anthelminthic
Kills parasitic worms

Medicinal Plants (3 decks)

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