Module 1 lecture: informaiton systems concepts and types and IS in organizations Flashcards
what are the 4 ways organizations use computer-based information systems?
- run day to day business (ie record orders or sales)
- attain a strategic advantage over competitors (increasing productivity, effectiveness, or improved market presence or service)
- enable organizations to collaborate (ex. to support JIT, automated ordering systems)
- to enable the organization to adapt to change
How do information systems relate to accountants
- information must be accurate and reliable, safeguarded and kept confidential
two faucets:- FS, tax returns, etc. need to be accurate, so underlying data needs to b reliable
- we need to be able to trust the data so that we can analyze it for budgeting, forecasting, and decision-making
- we may be asked to provide opinions on the systems and controls
- focus is much broader than just looking at the systems we need to understand
- integration wit other fields (financial and management accounting, tax, and auditing)
- how people use technology
- opportunities and challenges that result (including ethical challenges)
ex. of data
list of the salary figures for all new CGAs that were designated in the last year
ex information
average salary of new CGAs with a similar degree and experience as yours
ex knowledge
is knowing that taking the data and pulling out the average would provide you with useful information
Questions: does this provide an answer or does it require me to do something else with this information to get the answer for the meaning
what are the characteristics of valuable information
- ability to make better decisions depends on being able to turn data into information that is valuable (eg. relevant, reliable, timely, accurate, etc)
- more in table in text book
Systems perform the following activities
- input
- processing
- output
- feedback
Information systems use these activities to do what
turn data into information
Information system components
- Hardware
- software
- databases
- telecommunications
- people
- procedures
What is hardware
physical components for input, processing and output
- keyboards and scanners - for data input
- computer processes the data, screen and printer - displays and prints the output
what is software
operating system and the applications used to perform all the various business functions
what is databases
organized collection of data (data stores)
Telecommunications
networks to support data exchange
electronic transmission of data using communication net works
What are the 4 types of telecommunication net works
- local area network (lan)
- wide area net work (WAN)
- Internet
- Intranets and extranets
What is LAN
local area net work
- Connects computers within an organization or department
What is WAN
- covers a large geographic area, such as a province or country or all over the world like the internet
What is the internet
a public WAN made up of smaller networks around the world
What is intranets and extranets
private networks to connect those in an organization to each other and to select external entities
what is the most important component in an IS and who does that include
people
- users of the computers and IS staff and management
- often overlooked
- tools are only as good as the people who make them
Describe the IS component: procedure
strategies, policies, method’s and rules for using the system
what components should be used
IS should be designed with the components that best support the organization’s goals and objectives
What are the types of information systems?
- TPS (transaction processing system)
- ERP (Enterprise resource planning)
- Workflow management systems
- E-commerce (electronic commerce)
- M-commerce (Mobile commerce)
- Management information systems
- Decision support systems
- Artificial intelligence systems
- expert systems
What is TPS and describe it
Transaction process system
- handle the day-to-day business (eg payroll, sales, a/p inventory)
- fundamental for businesses
what is ERP and describe it
Enterprise Resource Planning
- integrated programs that handle all systems in the organization
(SAP, oracle)
