Module 1 - Lesson 1

Question 1

anterior

Answer 1

front of body

Question 2

posterior

Answer 2

back of body

Question 3

caudal

Answer 3

towards the feet

Question 4

cephalic/cranial

Answer 4

towards the head

Question 5

inferior

Answer 5

away from the head (lower Part)

Question 6

superior

Answer 6

toward the head (upper part)

Question 7

proximal

Answer 7

nearer to the origin of the structure / nearer to attachment of trunk

Question 8

distal

Answer 8

further from the origin of the structure / further from attachment to trunk

Question 9

medial

Answer 9

nearer to the midline

Question 10

lateral

Answer 10

further from midline - to the side

Question 11

what are the three body planes?

Answer 11

sagittal
transverse/axial
coronal/frontal

Question 12

how does the sagittal plane divide the body?

Answer 12

into right and left - down the midline

Question 13

how does the transverse plane divide the body?

Answer 13

cuts across body. horizontal aspect across body. axial

Question 14

how does the frontal plane divide the body?

Answer 14

into front and back (anterior and posterior)

Question 15

what are the different transducer movements? explain.

Answer 15

tilting - angling/fanning like a broom
rocking - aka heel/toe - like a rocking chair
sliding - physically move across body surface
rotate - turn clockwise or counterclockwise/ pivot
compress - push down more on body

Question 16

explain the orientation of the screen in sagittal

Answer 16

top - anterior aspect - skin
bottom - posterior aspect
my left on screen - superior (head)
my right on screen - inferior (feet)

Question 17

explain the orientation of the screen in transverse

Answer 17

top - anterior aspect - skin
bottom - posterior aspect
my left on screen - right side of body
my right on screen - left side of body

Question 18

anechoic

Answer 18

no/lack of echos - black

Question 19

hypoechoic

Answer 19

fewer echos - darker

Question 20

hyperechoic

Answer 20

increased density of echos - brighter

Question 21

isoechoic

Answer 21

same echogenicity as structure next to it - appear similar

Question 22

echogenic

Answer 22

the ability to transmit echos - increased echos

Question 23

heterogenous

Answer 23

mixture of echo’s in a structure
differing composition

Question 24

homogenous

Answer 24

all echo’s are same level/shade
uniform/similar composition

Question 25

complex

Answer 25

mixture of echogenicity’s
consists of both solid and cystic components

Question 26

acoustic shadowing

Answer 26

area through which sound waves fail to propagate
a single void behind structures that strongly absorb or reflect u/s
- happens in solid structures - b/c molecules compact

Question 27

acoustic enhancement

Answer 27

increased echos deep to structures that transmit sound well.
lack of attenuation
fluid filled structures

Question 28

what are the regions of the abdomen?

Answer 28

R/L hypochondriac
Epigastric
R/L lumbar
umbilical
R/L inguinal/iliac
hypogastric

Question 29

In what order would one adjust the machine controls?

Answer 29

depth, focus, gain, TGC

Question 30

what is depth?

Answer 30

how much of the structure is seen - how deep our waves go into the patient - set 2cm below structure

Question 31

what is focus?

Answer 31

the sharpest part of your image - aim to back of structure - clears up image

Question 32

what is gain?

Answer 32

overall brightness of the image. use to amplify echos and see texture

Question 33

what is TGC? `

Answer 33

used to amplify echos in sectors of the image