Module 1 - Lesson 1

Question 1

The heart is one of the last organs to develop in the fetus. T/F

Answer 1

false - it is one of the first - this is because it requires more circulation as it develops - it is growing fast - needs the nutrients - cannot just rely on simple diffusion

Question 2

the formation of the heart begins at ___

Answer 2

3 weeks gestation - 21-22 days
5 weeks by lmp

Question 3

3 weeks gestation is __ weeks lmp

Answer 3

5 weeks lmp

Question 4

5 weeks lmp is ____ weeks gestation

Answer 4

3

Question 5

what begins at 3 weeks gestation
?

Answer 5

heart development

Question 6

describe the development of the heart from 20-22 days

Answer 6

20 - 2 cardiogenic tubes
21- tubes begin to fuse
22- tubes are fused
>22 - undergoes twisting and turning to create different chambers

Question 7

after the 2 cardiogenic tubes are fused the hear undergoes___________this happens at __days

Answer 7

twisting and turning
>22 days

Question 8

the heart develops near the ______ of the embryo

Answer 8

head of the embryo

Question 9

draw the primitive heart tube

Question 10

what are the parts of the primitive heart tube from superior to inferior?

Answer 10

• aortic arch 1
• truncus arteriosus
• bulbis cordis
• primitive ventricle
• primitive atrium
• sinus venosus

Question 11

how many parts of the primitive heart are there?

Answer 11

6

Question 12

where is the aortic arch 1 and what does it develop into?

Answer 12

top of primitive heart
- develops into the pulmonary arteries and aortic arteries

Question 13

the pulmonary arteries and aortic arteries are developed from the ______

Answer 13

aortic arch 1

Question 14

the truncus arteriosus develops into the

Answer 14

aortic root and pulmonary root

Question 15

the aortic root and pulmonary root arise from the

Answer 15

truncus arteriosus

Question 16

the bulbis cordis devlops into the

Answer 16

R and L venticle outflow tracts

Question 17

R and L venticle outflow tracts arise from the

Answer 17

bulbis cordis

Question 18

the primitive ventricle develops into the

Answer 18

R and L ventricles

Question 19

the R and L ventricles arise from the

Answer 19

primitive ventricle

Question 20

the primitive atrium develops into the

Answer 20

R and L atriums

Question 21

the sinus venosus has…

Answer 21

2 horns - right and left

Question 22

the right horn of the sinus venosus develops into the

Answer 22

right atrium with IVC and SVC

Question 23

the left horn of the sinus venosus develops into the

Answer 23

SA node, Oblique vein, coronary sinus

Question 24

SA node, Oblique vein, coronary sinus arise from the

Answer 24

left horn of the sinus venosus

Question 25

right atrium with IVC and SVC arises from the

Answer 25

right horn of the sinus venosus

Question 26

what does discordant growth mean?

Answer 26

some areas of the heart grow faster than others - causes bending and twisting - called heart looping - happens to the right

Question 27

normal heart looping happens to the _____

Answer 27

right

Question 28

dextro means

Answer 28

right

Question 29

levo means

Answer 29

left

Question 29

meso means

Answer 29

middle

Question 29

-cardia means

Answer 29

describes where the apex of the heart is pointing - referring to the heart

Question 30

dextrocardia

Answer 30

apex of heart is pointing to the right side of chest

Question 31

levocardia

Answer 31

the apex of the heart is pointing to the left side of the chest

Question 32

mesocardia

Answer 32

apex pointing to middle

Question 33

-position refers to

Answer 33

which side of chest the heart is on

Question 34

dextropositioned

Answer 34

heart on the right chest

Question 35

levopositioned

Answer 35

heart on the left chest

Question 36

mesopositioned

Answer 36

heart in middle of chest

Question 37

dextrolooping

Answer 37

fused heart tube twists to the right - normal

Question 38

which type of heart looping is normal?

Answer 38

dextrolooping

Question 39

levo-looping

Answer 39

fused heart tube twists to the left - abnormal

Question 40

what is the normal positions of the heart?

Answer 40

levocardia levopositioned dextrolooping

Question 41

dextrolooping results in

Answer 41

a levopositioned and levocardia heart

Question 42

what is situs?

Answer 42

the sidedness of structures

Question 43

what is atrial situs?

Answer 43

the placement of the morphological right and left atria.

Question 44

Thoracic situs

Answer 44

the placement of the morphological right and left lung.

Question 45

Abdominal situs

Answer 45

placement of the unpaired abdominal organs (stomach, liver, spleen).

Question 46

Atriovisceral situs

Answer 46

Refers to the arrangement the morphological left and right atria in relation to the ‘unpaired’ organs in the abdomen.

Question 47

what are the three types of atrial situs?

Answer 47

situs solitus situs inversus situs ambiguous of heterotaxy

Question 48

what is situs solitus?

Answer 48

- normal development - Morphological right atrium and liver are on the right side of the body. The morphological left atrium is on the left side of the body with the spleen and stomach.

Question 49

what is situs inversus?

Answer 49

The 'mirror image' of situs solitus. The morphological right atrium and liver are on the left side of the body. The morphological left atrium is on the right side of the body with the spleen and stomach. - switched around - inverted

Question 50

what is situs ambiguous?

Answer 50

- variable combinations of the placement of the visceral organs and atria

Question 51

Mitral valve is connected to the

Answer 51

left ventricle

Question 52

the mitral valve is on the

Answer 52

left

Question 53

mitral - ends in L - means

Answer 53

left

Question 54

the tricuspid valve is always connected to the

Answer 54

right ventricle

Question 55

the left ventricle has which valve?

Answer 55

the mitral

Question 56

the tricuspid valve is on the

Answer 56

right

Question 57

tricuspid - tri = eye = i = ?

Answer 57

right - b/c it has an i i = eye = tri also ends in t

Question 58

the aortic valve is connected to the

Answer 58

aorta

Question 59

the aorta is connected to which valve?

Answer 59

aortic

Question 60

the right ventricle has which valve?

Answer 60

tricuspid

Question 61

the pulmonary valve is always connected to the ____

Answer 61

pulmonary artery

Question 62

the pulmonary artery has wich valve

Answer 62

pulmonary valve

Question 63

what are the 4 valves?

Answer 63

mitral tricuspid aortic pulmonary

Question 64

what is the order of valves from superior to inferior?

Answer 64

pulmonary aortic mitral tricuspid PAMT - michele is superior to todd

Question 65

what is the order of valves from anterior to posterior?

Answer 65

pulmonary valve aortic tricuspid mitral PATM