Module 1 Unit 2: Liver Function Alterations Flashcards
Jaundice comes from the French word _____ which means yellow
jaune
Yellow discoloration of the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes
Jaundice/Icterus
Common cause of jaundice
Retention of bilirubin
In adults, jaundice is noticeable if bilirubin levels reach
2-3 mg/dl
In neonates, jaundice is noticeable if bilirubin levels reach
5 mg/dl
Type of jaundice that occurs prior to liver metabolism
Pre-hepatic jaundice
Another term for pre-hepatic jaundice
Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
TRUE or FALSE: Hepatic jaundice may result from ineffective erythropoiesis from the bone marrow resulting in premature death.
False; Pre-hepatic jaundice
Type of jaundice that results from an intrinsic liver disease
Hepatic jaundice
An inherited, autosomal recessive mild form of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia where serum concentration of bilirubin ranges from 1.5-3 mg/dl
Gilbert Syndrome
Bilirubin is absent in urine and anemia does not occur
Gilbert Syndrome
This decreases bilirubin levels (bilirubin is measured in the FASTING STATE)
Phenobarbital
Patients with Gilbert Syndrome may be predisposed to
Acetaminophen toxicity
An inherited, autosomal recessive disorder caused by the complete absence of UDGPT
Crigler-Najjar Syndrome Type 1
In this disorder, serum bilirubin concentrations above 20 mg/dl are observed.
Most patients also die of severe brain damage due to kernicterus within the 1st year of life.
Crigler-Najjar Syndrome Type 1
An inherited, autosomal dominant disorder characterized by partial deficiency of UDPGT
Crigler-Najjar Syndrome Type 2
In this disorder, serum bilirubin ranges between 5-20 mg/dl.
*Phenobarbital can correct this disorder.
Crigler-Najjar Syndrome Type 2
A familial form of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia due to the presence of a UDPGT inhibitor
Lucey-Driscoll Syndrome
A rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by jaundice with predominantly elevated conjugated bilirubin and a minor elevation of unconjugated bilirubin
Dubin-Johnson Syndrome
The liver has a greenish-black appearance and dark brown pigment is seen in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells
Dubin-Johnson Syndrome
A form of conjugated hyperbilirubinemia similar to Dubin-Johnson but WITHOUT liver pigmentation
Rotor Syndrome
A neurologic syndrome that results in brain damage owing to the deposition of bilirubin in the brain
Kernicterus
Poses an increased risk for the development of kernicterus, especially in low-birthweight infants
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Frequent occurrence of jaundice in babies within a few days after birth
Physiologic jaundice of the newborn
