MODULE 10

Question 1

The act of modifying genes in a living organism to produce genetically modified organisms (GMOs)

Answer 1

GENETIC ENGINEERING

Question 2

GMOS, ALSO KNOWN AS…

Answer 2

TRANSGENIC ORGANISMS

Question 3

An application of biotechnology that uses biological systems, processes, or organisms to create products to improve quality of human life

Answer 3

GENETIC ENGINEERING

Question 4

____ is physically removed and placed in an organism to be modified

Answer 4

GENE OF INTEREST

Question 5

4 STEPS OF GENETIC ENGINEERING

Answer 5

1. DNA ISOLATION
2. LIGATION
3. TRANSFORMATION
4. INTEGRATION, EXPRESSION, AND INHERITANCE

Question 6

STEP OF GENETIC ENGINEERING: isolating plasmid and gene of interest

Answer 6

DNA ISOLATION

Question 7

STEP OF GENETIC ENGINEERING: gene insertion to the plasmid. Resistant gene is inserted into isolated plasmid, cleaved using the same restriction enzyme before being combined using DNA ligases

Answer 7

LIGATION

Question 8

used to cut/melt the DNA. WHEN they recognize a specific nucleotide sequence, they cleave the strands.

Answer 8

RESTRICTION ENZYMES

Question 9

Restriction Enzymes are also called…

Answer 9

RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASES

Question 10

USED to glue/combine the DNA

Answer 10

DNA LIGASES

Question 11

plasmid is placed back to the bacterial cell. recombinant plasmid would be placed back to the bacterium.

Answer 11

TRANSFORMATION

Question 12

____ of gene into recipient genome; ____ of gene in recipient genome; and ____ of gene through further generations

Answer 12

• INTEGRATION
• EXPRESSION
• INHERITANCE

Question 13

Genes of bacteria, plants, and animals are modified to…

Answer 13

IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF HUMAN LIFE

Question 14

GMOs have many uses in:

Answer 14

• AGRICULTURE
• MEDICINE
• ENVIRONMENT

Question 15

2 GENETICALLY MODIFIED BACTERIA THAT HAS USES

Answer 15

• ESCHERICHIA COLI

- CYANOBACTERIA

Question 16

USE OF ESCHERICHIA COLI?

Answer 16

CREATES SYNTHETIC HUMAN INSULIN

Question 17

USE OF CYANOBACTERIA?

Answer 17

used to yield polyhydroxybutyrate to produce bioplastic

Question 18

3 GENETICALLY MODIFIED PLANTS THAT HAS USES

Answer 18

• BT CORN
• BANANA VACCINE
• GOLDEN RICE

Question 19

pest-resistant plant against corn-infesting larvae

Answer 19

BT CORN

Question 20

edible vaccine against hepatitis virus

Answer 20

BANANA VACCINE

Question 21

rice that produces beta-carotene

Answer 21

GOLDEN RICE

Question 22

2 GENETICALLY MODIFIED ANIMALS THAT HAS USES

Answer 22

• BIOLUMINESCENT ANIMALS

- FAST-GROWING SALMON

Question 23

used to identify different types of cells to detect diseases

Answer 23

BIOLUMINESCENT ANIMALS

Question 24

a modified salmon to continually produce growth hormones

Answer 24

FAST-GROWING SALMON

Question 25

4 ADVANTAGES OF GMOS

Answer 25

- INCREASED PRODUCTIVITY - REDUCED PESTICIDE USE - IMPROVED NUTRITION - AIDED DISEASE DETECTION

Question 26

4 DISADVANTAGES OF GMOS

Answer 26

- REDUCED BIODIVERSITY OF NON-DAMAGING INSECTS - DECREASED PESTICIDE EFFECTIVITY - PRODUCED ALLERGIC REACTIONS - LED TO A HIGHER COST OF GM seeds

Question 27

Late November 2018, created genetically modified twins to provide children with resistance to HIV. Sentenced to three years in prison for illegal medical practice

Answer 27

HE JIANKUI