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Medical Terminology - Bates > Module 10 > Flashcards

Module 10 Flashcards

(142 cards)

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1
Q

Abdomen

A

Portion of the body between the thorax and the pelvis

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2
Q

Anus

A

Sphincter muscle (ringlike band of muscle fiber that keeps an opening tight) at the end of the digestive tract, connected to the rectum

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3
Q

Appendix

A

Small, wormlike pouch attached to the cecum (the beginning of the large intestine)

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4
Q

Colon

A

(Major component of the large intestine, which is divided into four parts: ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon

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5
Q

Esophagus

A

Tube that transports food from the pharynx to the stomach

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6
Q

Gallbladder

A

Small, saclike structure that stores bile produced by the liver

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7
Q

Gums

A

Pale pink tissue that is attached to jaw bones and teeth; provides supporting structure for the mouth

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8
Q

Large Intestine

A

Approximately 5-foot canal extending from the ileum to the anus

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9
Q

Liver

A

Organ that produces bile for the digestion of fats; performs many other functions that support digestion and metabolism

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10
Q

Mouth

A

Opening through which food passes into the body; breaks food into small particles by mastication (chewing) and mixing with saliva; (oral cavity)

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11
Q

Pancreas

A

Organ that secretes multiple enzymes necessary for digestion; also secretes insulin for carbohydrate metabolism

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12
Q

Pharynx

A

Performs swallowing action that passes food from the mouth into the esophagus

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13
Q

Rectum

A

Last part of the large intestine connection to the anus

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14
Q

Sigmoid Colon

A

S-shaped section of the large intestine leading into the rectum

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15
Q

Small Intestine

A

20-foot tube extending from the stomach to the large intestine, where most of the nutrients are absorbed; has three sections: duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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16
Q

Stomach

A

J-shaped sac that mixes and stores food; secretes substances that aid digestion

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17
Q

Tongue

A

Organ in mouth composed of skeletal muscle; responsible for movement of food from mouth to pharynx, and is also important for taste and speech

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18
Q

Abdomin/o, Lapar/o

A

Abdomen, abdominal cavity

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19
Q

An/o

A

Anus

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20
Q

Append/o, Appendic/o

A

Appendix

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21
Q

Chol/e

A

Gall, bile

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22
Q

Col/o, Colon/o

A

Colon

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23
Q

Duoden/o

A

Duodenum

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24
Q

Enter/o

A

Intestines (small intestine)

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25
Esophag/o
Esophagus
26
Gastr/o
Stomach
27
Gingiv/o
Gums
28
Gloss/o, lingu/o
Tongue
29
Hepat/o
Liver
30
Ile/o
Ileum
31
Jejun/o
Jejunum
32
Or/o
Mouth
33
Pancreat/o
Pancreas
34
Peps/o
Digestion
35
Phag/o
Swallowing, eating
36
Proct/o, Rect/o
Rectum
37
Sigmoid/o
Sigmoid colon
38
-algia
Pain
39
Cyst/o
Bladder, sac
40
Lith/o
Stone(s), calculus (calculi)
41
-al, -eal, -ic
Pertaining to
42
-cele
Hernia, protrusion
43
-centesis
Surgical puncture to remove fluid
44
-ectomy
Surgical removal, excision
45
-graphy
Process of recording, radiographic imaging
46
-ia
Diseased state, condition of
47
-iasis
Condition
48
-itis
Inflammation
49
-logist
One who studies and treats (specialist, physician)
50
-logy
Study of
51
-megaly
Enlargement
52
-oma
Tumor
53
-osis
Abnormal condition
54
-plasty
Surgical repair
55
-scope
Instrument used for visual examination
56
-scopic
Pertaining to visual examination
57
-scopy
Visual examination
58
-stomy
Creation of an artificial opening
59
-tomy
Cut into, incision
60
-y
No meaning
61
A-, An-
Absence of, without
62
Dys-
Difficult, painful, abnormal
63
Sub-
Below, under
64
Abdominocentesis
Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdominal cavity (also called abdominal paracentesis)
65
Aphagia
Condition of without swallowing
66
Dysentery
Painful intestines
67
Dyspepsia
Condition of difficult digestion
68
Dysphagia
Condition of difficulty swallowing
69
Esophageal
Pertaining to the esophagus
70
Esophagitis
Inflammation of the esophagus
71
Gastrectomy
Excision of the stomach
72
Gastric
Pertaining to the stomach
73
Gastritis
Inflammation of the stomach
74
Gastroenteritis
Inflammation of the stomach and intestines
75
Gastroenterologist
Physician who studies and treats diseases of the stomach and intestines
76
Gastroenterology
Study of the stomach and intestines
77
Gastroesophageal
Pertaining to the stomach and esophagus
78
Gastroscope
Instrument used for visual examination of the stomach
79
Gastroscopy
Visual examination of the stomach
80
Gastrostomy
Creation of an artificial opening into the stomach
81
Gingivalgia
Pain in the gums
82
Gingivitis
Inflammation of the gums
83
Glossitis
Inflammation of the tongue
84
Laparoscope
Instrument used for visual examination of the abdominal cavity
85
Laparoscopic
Pertaining to visual examination of the abdominal cavity
86
Laparoscopy
Visual examination of the abdominal cavity
87
Laparotomy
Incision into the abdominal cavity
88
Oral
Pertaining to the mouth
89
Sublingual
Pertaining to under the tongue
90
Anal
Pertaining to the anus
91
Appendectomy
Excision of the appendix
92
Appendicitis
Inflammation of the appendix
93
Cholecystectomy
Excision of the gallbladder
94
Cholecystitis
Inflammation of the gallbladder
95
Cholelithiasis
Condition of gallstone(s)
96
Colectomy
Excision of the colon
97
Colitis
Inflammation of the colon
98
Colonoscopy
Visual examination of the colon
99
Colostomy
Creation of an artificial opening into the colon
100
CT Colonography
Radiographic imagining of the colon (using a CT scanner and software)
101
Duodenal
Pertaining to the duodenum
102
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Visual examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
103
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver
104
Hepatoma
Tumor of the liver
105
Hepatomegaly
Enlargement of the liver
106
Ileostomy
Creation of an artificial opening into the ileum
107
Jejunostomy
Creation of an artificial opening into the jejunum
108
Pancreatic
Pertaining to the pancreas
109
Pancreatitis
Inflammation of the pancreas
110
Proctoscope
Instrument used for visual examination of the rectum
111
Proctoscopy
Visual examination of the rectum
112
Rectal
Pertaining to the rectum
113
Rectocele
Hernia of the rectum (posterior prolapse)
114
Sigmoidoscopy
Visual examination of the sigmoid colon
115
Bariatric Surgery
Surgical reduction of gastric capacity to treat morbid obesity, a condition that can cause serious illness
116
Barium Enema (BE)
Diagnostic procedure in which a series of radiographic images are taken of the large intestine after the rectal administration of the contrast agent barium (lower GI series)
117
Celiac Disease
Malabsorption syndrome caused by an immune reaction to gluten (a protein in wheat, rye, and barley), which may damage the lining of the small intestine that is responsible for absorption of food into the bloodstream (gluten enteropathy)
118
Cirrhosis
Chronic disease of the liver with gradual destruction of cells and formation of scar tissue; commonly caused by alcoholism and certain types of viral hepatitis
119
Constipation
Infrequent or difficult evacuation of stool
120
Crohn Disease
Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract usually affecting the ileum and colon; characterized by cobblestone ulcerations and the formation of scar tissue that may lead to intestinal obstruction
121
Diarrhea
Frequent discharge of liquid stool
122
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
Endoscopic procedure involving radiographic imaging of the biliary ducts and pancreatic ducts
123
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Disorder characterized by the abnormal backward flow of the gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus
124
Hemorrhoids
Swollen or distended veins in the rectal area, which may be internal or external and can be a source of rectal bleeding and pain
125
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Periodic disturbances of bowel function, such as diarrhea and/or constipation, usually associated with abdominal pain
126
Parenteral
Pertaining to treatment other than through the digestive system
127
Peptic Ulcer
Erosion of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum associated with increased secretion of acid from the stomach, bacterial infection (Helicobacter pylori), or use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (gastric or duodenal ulcer (based on location))
128
Polyp
Tumorlike growth extending outward from a mucous membrane
129
Stoma
Surgical opening between an organ and the surface of the body, such as the opening established in the abdominal wall by colostomy, ileostomy, or a similar operation
130
Ulcerative Colitis (UC)
Disease characterized by inflammation of the colon with the formation of ulcers, which can cause bloody diarrhea
131
Upper GI Series (UGI Series)
Diagnostic procedure in which a series of radiographic images are taken of the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and duodenum after oral administration of the contrast agent barium
132
BE
Barium enema
133
BM
Bowel movement
134
EGD
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
135
ERCP
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
136
GERD
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
137
GI
Gastrointestinal
138
IBS
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
139
PEG
Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy
140
TPN
Total Parenteral Nutrition
141
UC
Ulcerative Colitis
142
UGI Series
Upper GI Series

Medical Terminology - Bates (15 decks)

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