Module 10 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is the recommended mount of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week?
150 mins (22 mins per day)
What are hazards of immobility with regards to: Metabolic function
- decreased BMR
- carbs, fats and proteins metabolism slowed down
- decreased appetite
- GI slows down -> constipation -> obstruction
- fluids and electrolytes = out of whack
- increased Ca2+ in blood because of increased reabsorption from bones therefore bones = more fragile
What are hazards of immobility with regards to: Respiratory function
- decreased lung expansion
- Atelectasis (collapsed lung)
- Hypostatic pneumonia
- decreased O2 saturation
What are hazards of immobility with regards to: Cardiovascular function
- Orthostatic/hypostatic hypotension (decreased BP)
- Increased deep vein thrombosis (clots)
What are hazards of immobility with regards to: Musculoskeletal function
- atrophy due to disuse (decreased muscle tone)- 3% per day
- increased Ca2+ reabsorption = osteoporosis
- joint contracture
What are hazards of immobility with regards to: Genitourinary function
- infection due to urine stasis (stoppage)
- calculi
What are hazards of immobility with regards to: Integument
- Decubitus (pressure) ulcers
What are hazards of immobility with regards to: Psychosocial
- depression
- sleep wake disturbances
- change in behaviour
- impaired coping
- isolation, disorientation
What is the subjective way of assessing any pain/MSK issues?
C-character O- onset L- location (and radiation!!!) D- duration S- severity P- pattern A- associated symptoms A- affect on life
What is a subjective way to assess MSK issues?
- Common concern/injuries
- Past health history- personal and family history
- Lifestyle- behaviours and environment (i.e. exercise, weight change, complimentary health modalities, diet, work, hobbies, medication use)
- Age related changes
What is the objective way to assess MSK issues?
I- inspection
P- palpation
P- percussion
A-auscultation
Should MSK assessment be head to toe or toe to head???
HEAD TO TOE
How do you inspect in an MSK objective assessment?
- gait (limp, heel toe, even, well paced, arm swing)
- body alignment
- size, shape, color, symmetry, masses, deformities
- range of motion exercises
How do you palpate in an MSK objective assessment?
- edema (swelling), heat, tenderness, nodules, crepitus
- Strength (use strength scale)
What are the 5 levels of the strength scale?
0= paralysis, no movement 1= severe weakness, flicker of contraction 2= poor ROM, no gravity, assisted by examiner 3= active ROM against gravity 4= active ROM against mild resistance 5= active ROM against full resistance
What are the 10 principles of safe body mechanics?
- widen base of support
- lower centre of gravity
- keep weight close to centre of gravity
- make sure line of gravity passes through base of support
- face direction of movement
- divide balance of activity between arms and legs
- reduce friction between object and surface
- reduce force of work- slide or roll vs. lift
- keep back straight, knees flexed, no twisting
- set own abdominal and gluteal muscles
What are 4 nursing interventions to promote mobility, exercise and activity?
- body mechanics to protect yourself
- Ambulation
- Positioning clients
- ROM exercises
Never put someone who is unconscious in ______ position
HIGH FOWLERS
What is prone position
on stomach
what is sim’s position (aka semi prone)
on stomach/ side with shoulder back
What is lateral (side lying) position
on stomach/ side with shoulder forward
