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Linux > Module #1.1 > Flashcards

Module #1.1 Flashcards

1
Q

Linux is a combination of ___________

A

software called GNU/Linux

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2
Q

Is Linux a Kernel. What does a Kernel do?

A

is the central controller of everything that happens on
the computer, it is a core of the Linux operating system

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3
Q

The GNU Project was announced by ________ in 19__

A

The GNU Project was announced by Richard Stallman in 1983

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4
Q

Besides managing software and hardware.
Name 4 things the Kernel does?

A

Decides which program gets which blocks of memory

Starts and kills applications, processes

Handles the switching of applications - multitasking

Handles displaying text or graphics on a monitor

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5
Q

Most software is developed under a _____-source license

The open source philosophy is that you have a right to ______________________

A

Most software is developed under a closed-source license

The open source philosophy is that you have a right to obtain the software source code and to modify it for your own use

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6
Q

There are two basic types of interfaces available that
allow you to interact with the operating system:

A

Command line interface(CLI) and Graphical User Interface(GUI)

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7
Q

The three major operating systems:

A

Microsoft Windows, Apple macOS, Linux

Only Microsoft Windows is a proprietary OS that is based on code that is not Unix or Linux based

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8
Q

What are the 3 Major Linux Distros(Distributors)?

A

Red Hat:
Focus is on server applications like web and file server

SUSE:
One of the first distributions which is derived from Slackware

Debian:
Debian is a community effort that promotes use of open source software

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9
Q

3 Major Applications of Linux?

A

Server Applications: serve information to other computers

Desktop Applications: Web browsers, text editors

Tools: Software that makes it easier to manage computer systems

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10
Q

What are the Console/Terminal/Shell?

A

console = provides a way for the kernel and other processes to send text output
to the user, and to receive text input from the user

terminal = allows for text input/output
Runs the Shell.

shell = command line interpreter

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11
Q

What is Package Management?

A

Package management allows to add, remove, and update software

Distributions use packages. Packages greatly simplify the installation of
software

Two most popular are
Debian and Red Hat

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12
Q

Software Licensing define:

A

Ownership
 Who owns the intellectual property?
Money Transfer
 Does it cost anything?
 How do you pay?
Licensing
 What do you get?
 What can you do with the software?
 On how many computers can you run it?
 Can you share the software?

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13
Q

FSF stands for:

A

Free Software Foundation

founded in 1985, enforces copyleft

Develop their own licenses which are free and are based on GNU
General Public License (GPL)
 GPLv2, GPLv3, LGPLv2, and LGPLv3

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14
Q

OSI stands for:

A

Open Source Initiative

An open-source license is a type of license for computer software and
other products that allows the source code, blueprint or design to be
used, modified and/or shared under defined terms and conditions

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15
Q

What are FOSS/FLOSS

A

Free and Open Source Software (FOSS)
 open source community, which consists of Free Software and Open Source as a collective (a catch-all
term)

Free/Libre/Open Source Software (FLOSS)
 uses the term libre to define the difference between
free from restrictions (Libre) and free from cost (Free)

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16
Q

The goal of GNU project is to give users freedom and control in their use computers and computing devices by __________________

A

by collaboratively
developing and publishing software that gives everyone the rights to
freely run the software, copy and distribute it, study it, and modify it

17
Q

The story of Linux begins with ___ which is an operating system developed at ______ in the ______

A

The story of Linux begins with UNIX which is an operating system developed at AT&T Bell Labs in the 1970s

18
Q

Linux development started in ____ as a hobby project by ________

A

Linux development started in 1991 as a hobby project by Linus Torvalds

19
Q

A Linux distribution is _______ _________ _______ _______ ______
and includes the following:

A

A distribution is the collection of software that is bundled together:
 Linux kernel
 GNU tools
 Suite of applications
 Package Manager
 Installer

20
Q

OS is software that runs on a
computing device and manages the
____ ___ _____ ________

OS also schedules applications to
_____ and ______ _______ to users

A

OS is software that runs on a
computing device and manages the
hardware and software components

OS also schedules applications to
run and provides services to users

Linux (4 decks)

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