Module 1.1: Power and Energy Sources 2

Question 1

Defined as a machine or assembly of equipment that generates and delivers a flow of mechanical or electrical energy.

Answer 1

Power Plant

Question 2

Steam Power Plant, Diesel Power Plant, Gas Turbine Power Plant, and Nuclear Power Plant are called ___.

Answer 2

Thermal Power Plant

Question 3

Capacity for doing work generating heat, and emitting light.

Answer 3

Energy

Question 4

Is the ability to change the temperature of an object or phase of a substance.

Answer 4

Heat

Question 5

Energy is measured in ___.

Answer 5

Calorie, quad and joule.

Question 6

Is the amount of energy or heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water from 14.5°C to 15.5°C.

Answer 6

Kilocalorie

Question 7

The most important form of energy.

Answer 7

Electrical Energy

Question 8

The conversion of energy available in different forms in nature into electrical energy is known as ___.

Answer 8

Generation of electrical energy

Question 9

Is the primary source of energy.

Answer 9

Sun

Question 10

Is used to run windmills which drive the small generator.

Answer 10

Wind Energy

Question 11

Produces heat by fission on nuclei, which is generated by heat engines. It is the world’s largest source of emission-free energy.

Answer 11

Nuclear Energy

Question 12

Is kinetic and potential energy, but is associated with the random motion of atoms in an object.

Answer 12

Thermal Energy

Question 13

Is a form of energy that comes from chemical reactions, in which the chemical reaction is a process of oxidation.

Answer 13

Chemical Energy

Question 14

Exists in a range of wavelengths that extends from radio waves that may be thousands of meters long to gamma rays with wavelengths as short as a million-millionth (10^-12) of a meter.

Answer 14

Radiant Energy

Question 15

The capacity of an agent to do work.

Answer 15

Energy

Question 16

Is a form of energy which produces the sensation of warmth.

Answer 16

Heat

Question 17

Unit of heat.

Answer 17

Calorie

Question 18

Is the science of many processes involved in one form of energy being changed into another.

Answer 18

Thermodynamics

Question 19

It states that if two bodies are each in thermal equilibrium with a third, they must also be in thermal equilibrium with each other.

Answer 19

Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

Question 20

Says that energy can neither be created nor destroyed.

Answer 20

First Law of Thermodynamics

Question 21

Is the entropy law, which says that all physical processes proceed in such a way that the availability of the energy involved decreases.

Answer 21

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Question 22

Is the law of unattainability of absolute zero temperature, which says that entropy of an ideal crystal at zero degree Kelvin is zero.

Answer 22

Third Law of Thermodynamics

Question 23

(1) This cycle is of great value to heat power theory although it has not been possible to construct a practical plant on this cycle. It has high thermodynamics efficiency.
(2) It is a standard of comparison for all other cycles.

Answer 23

Carnot Cycle

Question 24

(1) Steam engine and steam turbines in which steam is used as working medium follows this power plant cycle. This cycle can be carried out in four pieces of equipment joint by pipes for conveying workinf medium.

Answer 24

Rankine Cycle

Question 25

In this cycle, steam is extracted from a suitable point in the turbine and reheated generally to the original temperature by flue gases.

Answer 25

Reheat Cycle

Question 26

The process of extracting steam from the turbine at certain points during its expansion and using this steam for heating feed water is known as ___.

Answer 26

Regenerative Cycle/Regeneration or Bleeding of steam

Question 27

In this cycle two working fluids are used. The mercury boiler heats the mercury into mercury vapours in a dry and saturated state.

Answer 27

Binary Vapour Cycle

Question 28

Used in steam power plant that uses high steam pressure. The thermal efficiency of this cycle is higher than only reheat or regenerative cycle.

Answer 28

Reheat-Regenerative Cycle

Question 29

A generating station which converts heat energy of coal combustion into electrical energy.

Answer 29

Steam Power Station

Question 30

Overall efficiency of a steam power station.

Answer 30

29%

Question 31

The ratio of heat equivalent of mechanical energy transmitted to the turbine shaft to the heat combustion of coal.

Answer 31

Thermal Efficiency

Question 32

The ratio of heat equivalent of electrical output to the heat of combustion of coal.

Answer 32

Overall Efficiency

Question 33

A generating station which utilizes the potential energy of water at a high level for the generation of electrical energy.

Answer 33

Hydroelectric Power Station

Question 34

In a hydro-electric power station, these include dam, spillways, headworks, surge tanks, penstock and accessory works.

Answer 34

Hydraulic Structures

Question 35

Is a barrier which stores water and creates water head.

Answer 35

Dam

Question 36

In order to discharge the surplus water from the storage reservoir into the river on the down-stream side of the dam, ____ are used.

Answer 36

Spillways

Question 37

Consists of the diversion structures at the head of an intake. They generally include booms and racks for diverting floating debris, sluices for by-passing debris and sediments and valves for controlling the flow of water to the turbine.

Answer 37

Headworks

Question 38

Is a small reservoir or tank (open at the top) in which water level rises or falls to reduce the pressure swings in the conduit.

Answer 38

Surge tank

Question 39

Are open or closed conduits which carry water to the turbines.

Answer 39

Penstocks

Question 40

Used to convert the energy of falling water into mechanical energy.

Answer 40

Water Turbines

Question 41

These turbines are used for high heads.

Answer 41

Impulse turbines

Question 42

These turbines are used for low and medium heads.

Answer 42

Reaction turbines

Question 43

Is used for low to medium heads. It consists of an outer ring of stationary guide blades fixed to the turbine casing and an inner ring of rotating blades forming the runner.

Answer 43

Francis turbine

Question 44

Is used for low heads and large quantities of water. It is similar to francis turbine except that its runner receives water axially.

Answer 44

Kaplan turbine

Question 45

A generating station in which diesel engine is used as the prime mover for the generation of electrical energy.

Answer 45

Diesel Power Station

Question 46

It consists of storage tank, strainers, fuel transfer pump and all day fuel tank.

Answer 46

Fuel supply system

Question 47

This system supplies necessary air to the engine for fuel combustion.

Answer 47

Air intake system

Question 48

This system leads the engine exhaust gas outside the building and discharges it into atmosphere.

Answer 48

Exhaust system

Question 49

The system keep the temperature of the engine parts within the same operating limits. This consists of a water source, pump and cooling towers.

Answer 49

Cooling system

Question 50

This system minimizes the wear of rubbing surfaces of the engine. It comprises of lubricating oil tank, pum, filter and oil cooler

Answer 50

Lubricaring system

Question 51

This is an arrangement to rotate the engine initially, while starting, until firing starts in the unit runs with its own power.

Answer 51

Engine starting system

Question 52

A generating station in which nuclear energy is converted into electrical energy.

Answer 52

Nuclear Power Station

Question 53

Heavy elements such as ____ and ____ are subjected to nuclear fission in a special apparatus known as a reactor.

Answer 53

Uranium (U235), Thorium (Th232)

Question 54

It is an apparatus in which nuclear fuel (U235) is subjected to nuclear fission. It controls the chain reaction that starts once the fission is done.

Answer 54

Nuclear reactor

Question 55

A generating station which employs gas turbine as the prime mover for the generation of electrical energy.

Answer 55

Gas Turbine Power Plant

Question 56

Is a device which recovers heat from the exhaust gases of the turbine.

Answer 56

Regenerator