Module 13 Respiratory

Question 1

Only muscle not innervated by RLN. What nerve innervates

Answer 1

Cricothyroid innervated by external branch of SLN

Question 2

Formula for conversion of CO2 to HCO3

Answer 2

CO2 + H2O H2CO3 HCO3 + H

Question 3

Central chemoreceptors are stimulated bu

Answer 3

Increased H

Question 4

Peripheral chemoreceptors are stimulated by

Answer 4

Decreased PaO2, increased H, and increased PaCO2

Question 5

Normally what drives ventilation

Answer 5

CO2

Question 6

Intrapleural pressure is always __________ during normal tidal breathing

Answer 6

Negative

Becomes positive during forced exhalation or Valsalva

Question 7

Intrapulmonary pressure is (+/-)

Answer 7

Negative during inspiration and positive during exhalation

Question 8

FEV1/FVC <0.8 means

Answer 8

Obstructive disease

Question 9

What is normal anatomic dead space in adult

Answer 9

2 ml/kg

Question 10

When is intrapulmonary pressure 0

Answer 10

At end expiration and end inhalation

Question 11

Residual volume is what percent of TLC

Answer 11

20-25%

Question 12

Alveolar ventilation formula

Answer 12

(TV- deadspace) X ventilation rate

Question 13

What is the normal PAO2-PaO2 gradient

Answer 13

5-15mmHg

Question 14

The flat portion of the oxyhemoglobin curve signifies

Answer 14

Loading of O2 by blood

Question 15

The steep portion of the oxyhemoglobin curve signifies what

Answer 15

Facilitates unloading of O2 at tissues

Question 16

Which effect describes the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve shift caused by CO2 entering or leaving the blood

Answer 16

Bohr effect

Question 17

Quantity of O2 delivered to and used by the tissues each minute

Answer 17

250 ml/min O2

Question 18

CO2 is produced and eliminated at what rate

Answer 18

200 ml/min

Question 19

What effect describes how changes in Pa02 alter the amount of CO2 carried by the blood

Answer 19

Haldane

Question 20

Where do opioids cause depression of respiration

Answer 20

Direct stimulation through mu-2 receptor stimulation at brainstem respiratory center

Question 21

What 2 factors increase the risk of aspiration pneumonitis

Answer 21

Intragastric volume >25ml

Intragastric pH <2.5

Question 22

Normal values for FEV1 and FVC

Answer 22

FEV1- 4 L

FVC- 5 L

Question 23

DLT how much air in tracheal cuff?

Bronchial cuff?

Answer 23

Tracheal 5-10ml

Bronchial 1-2ml