Module 14: Eukaryotic Cells Flashcards
nucleolus
synthesize ribosomal RNA
nucleus
The control center of the cell. Also stores genetic information
rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
Where protein are assembled
smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
involved in lipid synthesis, calcium storage, metabolism of carbohydrates, and the breakdown of toxic substances.
mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell. Site of most ATP production
ribosome
Protein synthesis
Golgi apparatus
Packs into vesciles & modifies content from Endoplasmic Reticulum. “Post Office” tags molecules according to its destination.
peroxisome
An organelle that breaks down toxins and produces hydrogen peroxide.
food vacuole
Vacuole containing material to be broken down and absorbed by the cell; result of (usually) phagocytosis.
lysosome
Vesicle in the cell that digests and breaks down food and unwanted particles.
central vacuole
A large vacuole found only in plant cells.
chloroplast
Organelle that contains chlorophyll and carries out photosynthesis.
Centrosome
Form Mitotic/Meiotic spindle. In animal cells only
Centriole
2 pieces that form the centrosome
Cell Wall
is a strong, ridge structure outside the plasma membrane that provides support, protection and structure to the cell.
Plasmodesmata
are gaps in the cell walls of adjacent plant cells that allow cell-to-cell communication.
4 common features that almost all eukaryotic cells have in common?
- Plasma Membrane: A Barrier between cellular contents and the environment.
- Nucleus: The “Control Center” contains genetic material.
- Organelles: Perform cellular functions :energy generation, transport, digestion etc.
- Cytoplasm: Aqueous solution containing nutrients.
What is not present in Plant Cells?
Food Vacuole, Lysosome, Centrosome & Centriole
What is not present in Animal Cells?
Cell Wall, Central vacuole, Chroloroplast & Plasmodesmata.
