module 19 (done)

Question 1

parts of the basal nuclei

Answer 1

globus pallidus, putamen, caudate

Question 2

three parts of the brain

Answer 2

brainstem, cerebellum, cerebrum

Question 3

gyri

Answer 3

ridges

Question 4

sulci

Answer 4

grooves between ridges

Question 5

median longitudinal fissure

Answer 5

separates cerebrum into two halves (R & L cerebral hemisphere)

Question 6

hemispheric lateralization

Answer 6

differences between two halves

Question 7

right hemisphere processes

Answer 7

visuospatial, music, imagination, art skill

Question 8

left hemisphere processes

Answer 8

math skils and analytical thinking

Question 9

language center location

Answer 9

right hemisphere

Question 10

lateral sulcus (AKA sylvian fissure)

Answer 10

separates temporal lobe from frontal/ parietal lobe

Question 11

central sulcus

Answer 11

separates frontal and parietal love

Question 12

perieto-occipital sulcus

Answer 12

separates occipital and parietal love

Question 13

brodmanns areas

Answer 13

anatomical distinctions in the cortex

Question 14

primary sensory function of parietal lobe

Answer 14

somatosensation

Question 15

postcentral gyrus

Answer 15

houses the primary somatosensory cortex initial processing of tactile senses, pain, tickle, itch

Question 16

somatosensation association areas

Answer 16

sensory integration areas that integrate other senses

Question 17

somatosensory homunculus

Answer 17

foot laid in medial surface of gyrus, in longitudinal fissure.. all the way to tongue

Question 18

primary motor cortex

Answer 18

located in precentral gyrus, creates a motor homunculus

Question 19

premotor cortex

Answer 19

controlling movements of core muscles, maintain, posture

Question 20

supplemental motor area

Answer 20

plans and coordinates movement

Question 21

prefrontala cortex

Answer 21

higher cognitive planning

Question 22

brocas area

Answer 22

movement of structures of speech production, on left side of brain

Question 23

wernickes area

Answer 23

comprehension of language (left side of brain)

Question 24

limbic system

Answer 24

emotion, memory, behavior (amygdala and hippocampus)

Question 25

amygdala

Answer 25

medial temporal lobe. processing emotion and trying emotions to sensations, especially fear, triggers flight of fight

Question 26

hippocampus

Answer 26

stores episodic memories

Question 27

basal ganglia

Answer 27

controls aspect of movement

Question 28

globus pallidus

Answer 28

layered nucleus that lies just medial to the putamen

Question 29

putamen

Answer 29

mostly deep in the anterior regions of the frontal and parietal lobes

Question 30

caudate

Answer 30

long nucleus that follows the basic C-shape of the cerebrum from the frontal lobe into temporal lobe

Question 31

diencephalon

Answer 31

consists of every structure with “thalamus” in the name: the thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus, and epithalamus.

Question 32

hypothalamus

Answer 32

executive region in charge of the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system through its regulation of the pituitary gland

Question 33

infundibulum

Answer 33

connects hypothalamus to the pituitary gland

Question 34

anterior pituitary / adenohypophysis

Answer 34

hormones released by pituitary to inhibit or secrete more hormones.. infundibulum has hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system, dont first entering the systemic circulation. Hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormones travel through a primary capillary plexus to the portal veins, which carry them into the anterior pituitary. Hormones produced by the anterior pituitary enter a secondary capillary plexus, and from there drain into the circulation.

Question 35

posterior pituitary / neurohypophysis

Answer 35

extension of the neurons of the hypothalamus, axons descend as the hypothalamic–hypophyseal tract within the infundibulum, and end in axon terminals that comprise the posterior pituitary posterior pituitary does not produce hormones, but stores and secretes hormones produced by hypothalamus (only ADH and OT)

Question 36

cerebellum folia

Answer 36

gyri and sulci like the cerebrum, though they appear more feathered or leaf-like

Question 37

lobes of cerebellum

Answer 37

1. anterior and posterior lobe of cerebellum, separated by primary fissure 2. flocculonodular lobe

Question 38

vermis

Answer 38

midline portion of cerebellum between two cerebellar hemispheres

Question 39

superior, middle, and inferior cerebellar peduncles

Answer 39

contain white matter pathways travelling to or from the cerebellum

Question 40

brainstem

Answer 40

consists of the midbrain superiorly, pons in the middle, and medulla oblongata inferiorly.

Question 41

cerebellar peduncles

Answer 41

connect the midbrain to the cerebellum.

Question 42

tectum

Answer 42

four bumps known as the colliculi (singular = colliculus). Together they are called the corpora quadrigemina. inferior colliculus is the inferior pair of these enlargements and is important for auditory reflexes. The superior colliculus is the superior pair and is important for visual reflexes.

Question 43

red nucleus in midbrain

Answer 43

motor regulation and muscle tone through connections with other parts of the brain

Question 44

substantia nigra

Answer 44

part of a neural circuit with the basal ganglia, contributing to motor control and modulation.

Question 45

pons (middle of brainstem)

Answer 45

main connection between the cerebellum and the brain stem, particularly through the middle cerebellar peduncle.

Question 46

medulla (last part of brainstem)

Answer 46

main connection between the cerebellum and the brain stem, particularly through the middle cerebellar peduncle. contains: 1. pyramids 2. cardiovascular center 3. medullary respiratory center

Question 47

medullary respiratory center

Answer 47

communicates with the respiratory center of the pons to regulate breathing.

Question 48

cardiovascular center

Answer 48

controls the smooth and cardiac muscle of the cardiovascular system through autonomic connections

Question 49

pyramids (of medulla)

Answer 49

two vertical ridges on the anterior aspect of the medulla formed by the axons of the corticospinal tract

Question 50

pyramidal decussation

Answer 50

area on the inferior aspect of the anterior medulla where the corticospinal tract fibers cross.

Question 51

cerebellum ipsilateral or contralateral?

Answer 51

ipsilateral