Module 1F Flashcards
What is homeostasis?
Maintaining a constant internal environment of Co2, H2o and body temperature.
How do negative feedback mechanisms work to help regulate this constant environment?
Changes in the environment trigger a response that counteracts that change.
What is the usual body temperature and why?
37 degrees because that is the optimum temperature for enzymes.
How is the blood temperature monitored by our own body?
The thermoregulatory centre in the brain called the hypothalmus.
How and where can you measure body temperature?
Use a clinical thermometer, sensitive strips, a digital thermometer or thermal imaging. You can measure in the ear, finger, mouth or anus.
How will sweating cool you down?
It will increase heat transfer to the surroundings. As the sweat evaporates it will need to use heat from the skin to do so and therefore removes heat from the skin.
How does vasodilation help to cool you down?
The blood vessels near the surface of your skin will widen, allowing an increased blood flow near the surface and more heat will be lost to the surroundings.
How does vasoconstriction help to keep you warm?
Blood vessels near the surface of your skin will constrict meaning less heat will be lost to the surroundings.
What are the consequences of extremely high temperatures?
Dehydration, heat stroke and death.
What are the consequences of extremely low temperatures?
Hypothermia and death.
Where is the pancreas?
Back of the abdomen behind the stomach.
What does the pancreas produce?
The hormone called insulin.
How does insulin, and hormones in general, travel around the body?
They will travel in the blood.
What is type 1 diabetes caused by?
The failure of the pancreas to produce insulin.
How is type 2 diabetes caused?
When someone becomes resistant to insulin.
