Module 1E

Question 1

What are drugs?

Answer 1

Substances, both beneficial and harmful, that alter the way the body works.

Question 2

What does addiction to drugs mean?

Answer 2

You have a physical need for the drug.

Question 3

What does tolerance to drugs mean?

Answer 3

The body gets used to having the drug so you need a higher dose for the same effect.

Question 4

What does rehabilitation mean?

Answer 4

A place that offers help and support to help people overcome drug addiction.

Question 5

Give an example and explain the action of depressants.

Answer 5

Alcohol, Solvents or Temazepam. Depressants bind with the receptor on the membrane of the next neurone blocking any transmission of impulses.

Question 6

Give an example and explain the action of stimulants.

Answer 6

Nicotine, Ecstasy, Caffeine. They will increase the amount of neurones that cross the synapse.

Question 7

Give an example of and explain the action of pain killers.

Answer 7

Aspirin and paracetamol. Reduce the number of painful stimuli at nerve endings near an injury.

Question 8

Give an example and explain the action of performance enhancers.

Answer 8

Anabolic steroids. They help build muscle.

Question 9

Give and example and explain the action of hallucinogens.

Answer 9

LSD. They distort what is seen and heard.

Question 10

What is the problem with smoking?

Answer 10

Tobacco smoke produces nicotine, carbon monoxide and tar.

Question 11

What is the issue with carbon monoxide in cigarettes?

Answer 11

Causes heart disease. Binds with the carrier protein haemoglobin which reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the red blood cells,

Question 12

What is the problem with tar in cigarettes?

Answer 12

Can cause lung, throat, mouth and oesophageal cancer. Tar collects on the lungs and has dangerous chemicals in it called carcinogens that make mutations in the DNA.

Question 13

How is smokers cough and emphysema developed?

Answer 13

Smoking damages the cilia on the epithelial tissue lining the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles which encourages mucus to be produced. The excess mucus, however, can not be cleared because the cilia are damaged.Instead it sticks to air passages.

Emphysema is caused as the lungs loose their elasticity.

Question 14

Is a women who smokes more likely to have a high birth weight baby, or a low birth weight baby. Why?

Answer 14

Low birth weight baby. Low oxygen in the blood of the mother can deprive the foetus of oxygen.

Question 15

What are the short term effects of alcohol?

Answer 15

Impaired judgement.
Blurred vision.
Slurred speeech.
Increased blood flow to the skin.

Question 16

What are the long term effects of alcohol?

Answer 16

Liver and brain damage.

Question 17

How can the liver become damaged as it breaks down alcohol?

Answer 17

Broken down by enzymes in the liver and some of the products are toxic. Over time the toxic products can cause the death of liver cells and the formation of scare tissue that stops blood from reaching the liver. This is called cirrhosis.