Module 2

Question 1

it is our imaginations… and having friends with imaginations’, while it is the ability for speech and writing

Answer 1

Thomas Suddendorf

Question 2

the use of fire, tools, engagement in agriculture; large-scale cooperation’, as stated by ___________, that distinguished as from the ‘other animals’.

Answer 2

Bertrand Russell

Question 3

an English primatologist, changed the view of the world that only humans use tools. She told the world of her observation of a chimpanzee that used a stick to poke and fished for termites from its mound. Chimpanzees were also reported to use leaves likened to a sponge soaked in water for drinking.

Answer 3

Jane Goodall

Question 4

submerged by rising oceans, isolating the island with its low population

Answer 4

land bridge

Question 5

according to _______,this is an example when an island population at some point fell below the level necessary for complex skills to be passed from generation to generation

Answer 5

Joseph Heinrich

Question 6

an island offshore of mainland Australia

Answer 6

Tasmania

Question 7

Each generation adds skills, builds it up to ensure success

Answer 7

Cultural brain hypothesis

Question 8

They are also known for Alchemy, the forerunner of chemistry

Answer 8

Egyptians

Question 9

Astronomy at this time was considered primitive, but they have excellent calendars, that established 365 days/year and 24 hrs/day.

Answer 9

Egyptians

Question 10

Egyptians tried to reconcile

Answer 10

solar and lunar cycle

Question 11

Medicine & surgery were already empirical, meaning based on observation, rather than just pure philosophical thoughts.

Answer 11

Egyptians

Question 12

Babylonians were considered to be excellent at math using the

Answer 12

sexagesimal system

Question 13

Astronomy was moon oriented, especially about the eclipse

Answer 13

Babylonian

Question 14

Medicine & surgery, although they were already empirical astrology was also mixed into it.

Answer 14

Babylonian or Iraq

Question 15

Mixed metaphysical and physical speculation to explain phenomena was practiced

Answer 15

Greeks

Question 16

Astronomy developed conceptual models.

Answer 16

Greeks

Question 17

Underlying assumptions include but not limited to that geocentric and geostatic, cosmos is finite. They have that concept of perfect circular motion.

Answer 17

Greeks

Question 18

a person with coherent metaphysics and looked for forms.

Answer 18

Plato

Question 19

who accepted reality as it appeared but also accepted the idea of change

Answer 19

Aristotle

Question 20

This great Greek Philosopher emphasized natural philosophy based on observation and systematic logic - inductive reasoning. It was in his time that the introduction of scientific method happened. It was also at this time that the notion that disproved earth was flat emanated.

Answer 20

Aristotle

Question 21

Who is the student of Aristotle?

Answer 21

Alexander the Great

Question 22

the school of philosophy that critiques the ideas or concepts put forward at that time

Answer 22

Lyceum

Question 23

includes the concepts of heavens with uniform circular motion, perfect and incorruptible, sublunar events.

Answer 23

Aristotelian cosmology

Question 24

was a Greek-Roman astronomer who applied math to models of the solar system

Answer 24

Ptolemy

Question 25

Geocentric model

Answer 25

Ptolemy

Question 26

When did science stagnate?

Answer 26

Middle Ages

Question 27

What are the reasons why the science stagnate during that period?

Answer 27

1. Fall of western civilization 2. Scientific inquiries based on incomplete sources 3. Monastic/cathedral schools production of written products centered on Bible 4. Black death

Question 28

gave the world both philosophical and scientific roots.

Answer 28

Greek and Roman

Question 29

de-urbanization was promoted in what century?

Answer 29

6th century

Question 30

considered the language of science

Answer 30

Latin

Question 31

he is famous for having discovered America the 'New World', although he claimed and believed to have discovered 'India' (West Indies)

Answer 31

Columbus

Question 32

was a German mathematician who could read Greek and used Ptolemy's data to plot the orbits. He followed the 'Thought experiment' and proposed that in the center of it all rests the sun, heliocentric model, albeit the moon still orbits around the earth.

Answer 32

Nicolas Copernicus

Question 33

developed the scientific method using the induction of data from experiments to discover laws of science not by using logic-based deductive arguments

Answer 33

Francis Bacon

Question 34

was Italian of many scientific contributions

Answer 34

Galileo Galilei

Question 35

He gave Astronomy the telescope that was instrumental in seeing sunspots, phases of Venus, lunar craters, Moon of Jupiter, Milky Way is made of stars. He supported Heliocentrism

Answer 35

Galileo Galilei

Question 36

He was accorded the title Father of modern western philosophy.

Answer 36

Rene Descartes

Question 37

mind-body dualism

Answer 37

Rene Descartes

Question 38

in his time, also experienced pandemic, the bubonic plague

Answer 38

Sir Isaac Newton

Question 39

Theories of Light, Motion, Gravity, Dynamics are all listed in his name. However, Alchemy and Theology are also on the list. Furthermore, he is also responsible for studying the terrestrial and celestial mechanics using Euclidian theorems (remember your Geometry?).

Answer 39

Isaac Newton

Question 40

changed the concept of the world's creation & its evolution while on a voyage aboard HMS Beagle.

Answer 40

Charles Darwin

Question 41

is known for Psychoanalysis, an observational method to gather scientific data about human behavior.

Answer 41

Sigmund Freud

Question 42

His works on sexuality and the evil side of man were not acceptable. An example is his stand that life was built round tension and pleasure. All the tension was due to the build-up of libido (sexual energy) and that all pleasure came from its discharge.

Answer 42

Sigmund Freud

Question 43

discovered the double helix structure of DNA (1953) considered as the basis for modern biotechnology

Answer 43

James Watson, Francis Crick, Maurice Wilkins, Rosalind Franklin

Question 44

One of the most influential astronomers since the times of Galileo, Kepler, and Newton, posits the expanding Universe

Answer 44

Edwin Hubble

Question 45

he discovered other galaxies that profoundly changed the way we look at the Universe, the Milky Way is not the only galaxy in existence

Answer 45

Edwin Hubble

Question 46

galaxies move away from the Milky Way at speed directly proportionate to their distance from it.

Answer 46

Hubbles Law

Question 47

a theoretical physicist affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Answer 47

Stephen Hawking

Question 48

discovered/described Black holes and Big bang theory. He proved 'singularity' that led to the creation of the Universe. His opinion on artificial intelligence (AI) as a threat to humanity is a well-referred work.

Answer 48

Stephen Hawking

Question 49

refers to the entire area of Central America from Southern Mexico to up to the border of South America

Answer 49

Mesoamerica

Question 50

lasted for 2,000 years. At that time, this civilization was known to be good in astronomy, even using their temple for astronomical observation, considered to be advanced in their time

Answer 50

Maya Civilization

Question 51

looms for weaving other work of arts

Answer 51

hydraulics system

Question 52

They had produced rubber even before Goodyear (famous brand for tires) got its patent. They are among the first to have hieroglyphics and developed the concept of zero.

Answer 52

Maya Civilization

Question 53

starting in this time, roads were paved with stone, earthquake resilient stone building, and irrigation systems were used. The calendar had 12 months. The first suspension bridge was noted.

Answer 53

Inca Civilization

Question 54

a system of knotted ropes to keep records that only experts can interpret, equate to secret codes or signals in modern times

Answer 54

Quipu

Question 55

mandatory education was already implemented

Answer 55

Aztec civilization

Question 56

commonly known as cacao, was used as currency and even as a tribute to gods.

Answer 56

Theobroma

Question 57

rectangular agricultural areas surrounded by canals

Answer 57

chinampa

Question 58

using the canoe

Answer 58

Aztec civilization

Question 59

In Astronomy, they adhered that the earth is spherical. They are good in Mathematics and mathematical analysis, and known for accurate measurements. They introduced the decimal digit and the Hindu-Arabic numeral system

Answer 59

India

Question 60

this civilization valued the observance of the scientific method

Answer 60

Middle East

Question 61

Father of optics for work on the intromission of light in contrast to the earlier belief of extromission.

Answer 61

Ibn-al-Haytham

Question 62

Decimal point notation is also rooted in this civilization

Answer 62

Middle East

Question 63

is considered the father of Arab chemistry and one of the founders of modern pharmacy.

Answer 63

Abu Musa Jabir Ibn Hayyan Al-Azdi

Question 64

the first educational institution in Asia by Europeans

Answer 64

Colegio de San Idelfonso

Question 65

caused neglect of agriculture & mining, as well as the decline of native handicrafts/industries

Answer 65

Manila Galleon Trade

Question 66

Father of Philippine Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants, was among the 1st six UST pharmacy graduates

Answer 66

Leon Guerrero

Question 67

This time, the Philippines experienced rapid advances in S&T

Answer 67

American Administration

Question 68

When was University of the Philippines Established?

Answer 68

1908

Question 69

When did the first inhabitants arrived by a land bridge in Palawan & Batangas?

Answer 69

50,000 YA