Module 2

Question 1

Amount of a substance (mole)

Answer 1

A mole is the amount of substance containing as many particles as there are carbon atoms in exactly 12 g of carbon 12

Question 2

Avogadro Constant , N^A

Answer 2

The number of particles in one mole of any substance is equal to 6.02×10^23 mol^-1

Question 3

Molar mass

Answer 3

The mass in g per mole of substance units = gmol^-1

Question 4

Molar gas volume

Answer 4

The gas volume per mol of a substance. This is 24.0 dm³mol^-1 at room, temperature and pressure.
(RTP)

Question 5

Empirical formula

Answer 5

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound

Question 6

Molecular formula

Answer 6

The actual number, and type of atoms of each element in a molecule

Question 7

Ideal gas equation

Answer 7

pV=nRT

Question 8

Hydrogen bond

Answer 8

A strong dipole – dipole attraction between molecules containing O-H, F-H or N-H bonds

Question 9

Isotopes

Answer 9

Atoms of the same element, same number of protons and electrons, with different numbers of neutrons and different masses

Question 10

Relative isotopic mass

Answer 10

The mass of an atom of an isotope compared with 1/12 the mass of an atom of carbon 12

Question 11

Relative atomic mass

Answer 11

The weight weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon 12

Question 12

Atomic orbital

Answer 12

A region around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins

Question 13

Atomic orbital

Answer 13

A region around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins

Question 14

Anhydrous

Answer 14

When all the waters are crystallization, have been removed from a compound

Question 15

Hydrated

Answer 15

When water of crystallization is present in a crystal compound

Question 16

Water of crystallization

Answer 16

The water present in a compound, giving the compound a crystalline appearance

Question 17

Percentage yield

Answer 17

Actual mass of product / theoretical mass of product X 100

Question 18

Atom economy

Answer 18

Molecular mass of desired product / molecular mass of all products X 100

Question 19

Acid

Answer 19

Proton (H+) donor

Question 20

Base

Answer 20

Proton (H+) acceptor

Question 21

Alkali

Answer 21

A soluble base that dissolves in water to release OH- ions in aqueous solution

Question 22

Oxidation

Answer 22

The loss of electrons/increase in oxidation number

Question 23

Reduction

Answer 23

The gain of electrons/decrease in oxidation number

Question 24

Oxidizing agent

Answer 24

A reagent, which oxidizes other species, and is it self reduced by gaining electrons

Question 25

Reducing agent

Answer 25

A reagent, which reduces another species and is itself oxidized by losing electrons

Question 26

Redox

Answer 26

Reaction were both oxidation and reduction takes place

Question 27

Disproportionation

Answer 27

A reaction in which the same element is both oxidized and reduced

Question 28

Metallic bond

Answer 28

Strong, electrostatic attraction between positively charged ions, cations, and delocalized electrons

Question 29

Ionic bond

Answer 29

Strong electrostatic attraction between positive and negatively charged ions

Question 30

Covalent bond

Answer 30

Electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms

Question 31

Dative (coordinate) covalent bond

Answer 31

The strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons, and the nuclei of the bonded atoms where only one of the atoms supplies both the electron shared

Question 32

Electronegativity

Answer 32

The ability of an atom to attract the bonding electrons towards itself in a covalent bond