Module 2: Applications and Layered Architectures

Question 1

What are the elements of all communication methods?

Answer 1

• sender (message source)
• receiver (destination)
• channel (transmission medium)

Question 2

Element of communication that provides the pathway over which the message can travel from source to destination.

Answer 2

channel (transmission medium)

Question 3

Element of communication that receives the message and interprets it.

Answer 3

receiver (destination)

Question 4

Element of communication that needs to communicate a message to other individuals or devices.

Answer 4

sender (message source)

Question 5

A protocol characteristic that depends on the type of message and the channel that is used to deliver the message

Answer 5

Message format

Question 6

A protocol characteristic that govern the size of the pieces communicated across the network.

Answer 6

Message size

Question 7

A protocol characteristic that determines the speed at which the bits are transmitted across the network. It also affects when an individual host can send data and the total amount of data that can be sent in any one transmission

Answer 7

timing

Question 8

A protocol characteristic where messages sent across the network are first converted into bits by the sending host.

Answer 8

encoding

Question 9

A protocol characteristic where each message transmitted on a network must include a header that contains addressing information that identifies the source and destination hosts.

Answer 9

encapsulation

Question 10

A protocol characteristic where some messages require an acknowledgment before the next message can be sent.

Answer 10

message pattern

Question 11

A set of rules that determines how something must be done.

Answer 11

standard

Question 12

When a new internet standard is proposed, each stage of the development and approval process is recorded in a ________________ document.

Answer 12

Request for Comments (RFC)

Question 13

RFCs for internet standards are published and managed by the _______

Answer 13

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

Question 14

Give some network standard organizations

Answer 14

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Internet Engineering Task Force
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
International Telecommunication Union
Telecommunications Industry Association

Question 15

This protocol governs the way a web server and a web client interact.

Answer 15

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Question 16

This protocol manages the individual conversations.

Answer 16

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Question 17

This protocol is responsible for guaranteeing the reliable delivery of the information and managing flow control between the end devices

Answer 17

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Question 18

This protocol is responsible for delivering messages from the sender to the receiver.

Answer 18

Internet Protocol (IP)

Question 19

This protocol is used by routers to forward the messages across multiple networks

Answer 19

Internet Protocol (IP)

Question 20

A protocol that defines how data is formatted and how it is transmitted over the wired network.

Answer 20

ethernet protocol

Question 21

This protocol is responsible for the delivery of messages from one NIC to another NIC on the same local area network (LAN).

Answer 21

ethernet protocol

Question 22

A TCP/IP model layer that represents data to the user, plus encoding and dialog control.

Answer 22

Application

Question 23

A TCP/IP model layer that determines the best path through the network.

Answer 23

internet

Question 24

A TCP/IP model layer that controls the hardware devices and media that make up the network.

Answer 24

network access

Question 25

A TCP/IP model layer that supports communication between various devices across diverse networks.

Answer 25

transport

Question 26

An OSI model layer that provides for common representation of the data transferred between application layer services.

Answer 26

presentation

Question 27

An OSI model layer that describe methods for exchanging data frames between devices over a common media

Answer 27

data link

Question 28

An OSI model layer that provides services to exchange the individual pieces of data over the network between identified end devices.

Answer 28

network

Question 29

An OSI model layer that contains protocols used for process-to-process communications.

Answer 29

application

Question 30

An OSI model layer that provides services to the presentation layer to organize its dialogue and to manage data exchange.

Answer 30

session

Question 31

An OSI model layer that defines services to segment, transfer, and reassemble the data for individual communications between the end devices.

Answer 31

transport

Question 32

An OSI model layer that describe the mechanical, electrical, functional, and procedural means to activate, maintain, and de-activate physical connections for a bit transmission to and from a network device.

Answer 32

physical

Question 33

A protocol that specifies protocols that operate at Layer 1 and Layer 2 of the OSI model.

Answer 33

ethernet

Question 34

It maintains the networking standards, including Ethernet and wireless standards

Answer 34

Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

Question 35

An address that is assigned to each network interface card when it is manufactured.

Answer 35

media access control (mac) address

Question 36

An address that identifies each source and destination host on the network.

Answer 36

media access control (mac) address

Question 37

Each message is encapsulated into a specific format, called a _____, that includes the source and destination addresses.

Answer 37

frame

Question 38

This address does not change.

Answer 38

physical address

Question 39

This address can change and is commonly assigned by a network administrator.

Answer 39

logical address

Question 40

two parts of logical address

Answer 40

network host

Question 41

three layers of a Hierarchical Design

Answer 41

access layer distribution layer core layer

Question 42

This Hierarchical Design layer provides connections to hosts in a local Ethernet network.

Answer 42

access layer

Question 43

This Hierarchical Design layer interconnects the smaller local networks.

Answer 43

distribution layer

Question 44

This Hierarchical Design layer provides a high-speed connection between distribution layer devices.

Answer 44

core layer

Question 45

It take signals from one port and sends the message out all of the other ports.

Answer 45

Ethernet hub

Question 46

It is all 1s in the destination MAC address – FFFF.FFFF.FFFF.

Answer 46

ethernet broadcast

Question 47

It is used to contact every other device on the local network.

Answer 47

broadcast message

Question 48

The area through which a broadcast message can travel

Answer 48

broadcast domain

Question 49

It is used to divide the network into multiple broadcast domains.

Answer 49

router

Question 50

A protocol used to discover the MAC address of a device on the same local network.

Answer 50

address resolution protocol (ARP)