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Organic Chemistry Lec > Module 2: Introduction to Organic Molecules and Functional Groups > Flashcards

Module 2: Introduction to Organic Molecules and Functional Groups Flashcards

1
Q

Chain, no rings
* Straight (unbranched) chain
* Branched chain

A

Acyclic

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2
Q

Rings of Carbon (or Piattos)

A

Carbocyclic

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3
Q

Have rings with at least one heteroatom

A

Heterocyclic

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4
Q

Simplest group of organic compounds

A

Hydrocarbons

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5
Q

Saturated HC (single bond)

A

Alkanes

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6
Q

Unsaturated HC (multiple bonds)

A
  • Alkenes
  • Alkynes
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7
Q

Chains or branched

A

Aliphatic

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8
Q

Rings

A

Alicyclic

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9
Q
  • Single bonded carbons
  • ends with “-ane”
  • CnH2n+2
A

Alkanes

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10
Q
  • A Hydrogen atom is removed from an alkane.
  • ends with “-yl”
    – Methyl (Me)
    – Ethyl (Et)
    – Propyl (Pr)
    – Butyl (Bu)
A

Alkyl groups (R)

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11
Q

Formula for Alkanes

A

CnH2n+2

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12
Q
  • Consist of rings of -C-C-
  • Prefix “cyclo-”
  • CnH2n
A

Cycloalkanes

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13
Q

Formula for Cycloalkanes

A

CnH2n

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14
Q

A group of atoms within a larger molecule that has a characteristic chemical behavior

A

Functional Groups

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15
Q

A Hydrogen atom is removed

A

Alkyl groups (R)

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16
Q

Functional Groups With C-C Multiple Bonds
+ General Formula:
CnH2n
+ Double bond

A

ALKENES

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17
Q

Functional Groups With C-C Multiple Bonds
+ General Formula:
CnH2n-2
+ Triple bond

A

ALKYNES

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18
Q

Functional Groups With C-C Multiple Bonds
* Aromatic ring
* “benzene” ring
* Ar-
+ Aromatic rings
+ Piattos

A

ARENES

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19
Q

Functional Groups With C-C Multiple Bonds
+ Single Bond
+ “-ane”

A

ALKANES

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20
Q

Functional Groups With C-C Multiple Bonds
+ Double Bonds
+ “-ene”

A

ALKENES

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21
Q

Functional Groups With C singly bonded to EN atom
+ General Formula: RX
+ Halogen group

A

ALKYL HALIDES

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22
Q

Functional Groups With C-C Multiple Bonds
+ Triple Bonds
+ “-yne”

A

ALKYNES

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23
Q

Functional Groups With C singly bonded to EN atom
+ General Formula: ROH
+ *ends with “-ol”
+ hydroxyl group
Note: If the suffix starts with vowel (i.e. -ol, -al, amine), remove the –e and attach the suffix

A

ALCOHOLS (ALKANOLS)

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24
Q

Functional Groups With C singly bonded to EN atom
+ General Formula: RSH
+ *ends with“-thiol”
+ sulfhydryl group

A

THIOLS (MERCAPTANS)

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25
Functional Groups With C singly bonded to EN atom + General Formula: R’OR’’ + *ends with “ether”
ETHER
26
Functional Groups With C singly bonded to EN atom + General Formula: R’SR’’ + *ends with “sulfide”
SULFIDES (THIOETHERS)
27
Functional Groups With C singly bonded to EN atom + General Formula: RNH2 + *ends with “amine” + amino group
AMINES
28
ALKYL HALIDES formula
General Formula: RX R - Alkyl X- Halogen
29
ALCOHOLS (ALKANOLS) formula
General Formula: ROH
30
THIOLS (MERCAPTANS) formula
General Formula: RSH
31
ETHER formula
General Formula: R’OR’’
32
SULFIDES (THIOETHERS) formula
General Formula: R’SR’’
33
AMINES formula
General Formula: RNH2
34
propanamine
AMINES
35
diethyl sulfide
SULFIDES (THIOETHERS)
36
ethyl propyl ether
ETHER
37
propanethiol
THIOLS (MERCAPTANS)
38
propanol
ALCOHOLS (ALKANOLS)
39
bromopropane
ALKYL HALIDES
40
Halides
F, Cl, Br, I
41
Propylbenzene
ARENES
42
propyne
ALKYNES
43
propene
ALKENES
44
Functional Groups With C=O Carbonyl group + General Formula: RCHO + *ends with “-al” + carbonyl group
ALDEHYDES
45
Functional Groups With C=O Carbonyl group + General Formula: R’COR’’ + *ends with “-one” Note: Since there are C atoms added, change the parent name
KETONES
46
Functional Groups With C=O Carbonyl group + General Formula: RCOOH + *ends with“-oic acid” + carboxyl group
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
47
Functional Groups With C=O Carbonyl group + General Formula: O RCONH2 + *ends with “-amide” + amido group
AMIDES
48
Functional Groups With C=O Carbonyl group + General Formula: R’COOR’’ + *ends with “-yl” and “oate”
ESTERS
49
Functional Groups With C=O Carbonyl group – Ar-OH – ends with “-phenol”
Phenols
50
Functional Groups With C=O Carbonyl group – R-CN – ends with “-nitrile”
Nitriles
51
ALDEHYDES formula
General Formula: RCHO
52
propanal
ALDEHYDES
53
KETONES formula
General Formula: R’COR’’
54
butanone
KETONES
55
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS formula
General Formula: RCOOH
56
propanoic acid
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
57
AMIDES formula
General Formula: RCONH2
58
propanamide
AMIDES
59
ESTERS formula
General Formula: R’COOR’’
60
methyl propanoate
ESTERS
61
p-chlorophenol
Phenols
62
ethanenitrile
Nitriles
63
Anti-hypertensive
enalapril C20H28N2O5
64
Narcotic analgesic
methadone C21H27NO
65
C9H13NO3
Adrenaline
66
A neurotransmitter – A deficiency is associated with Parkinson’s disease C8H11NO2
Dopamine

Organic Chemistry Lec (5 decks)

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