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Dental Assisting 1 & 2 > Module 2: Key Terms > Flashcards

Module 2: Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Acute Infection

A

An infection of short duration that is often severe.

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2
Q

Blood-borne Disease

A

Disease such as HBV, HCV, or HIV infection that is caused by microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria that are carried in blood.

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3
Q

Chain of Infection

A

Conditions that all must be present for infection to occur.

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4
Q

Chronic Infection

A

An infection of long duration.

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5
Q

Communicable Disease

A

Condition caused by an infection that can be spread from person to person or through contact with body fluids.

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6
Q

Direct Contact

A

Touching or contact with a patient’s blood or saliva.

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7
Q

Droplet Infection

A

An infection that occurs through mucosal surfaces of the eyes, nose, or mouth.

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8
Q

Immunity

A

Ability of the body to resist disease.

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9
Q

Indirect Contact

A

Touching or contact with a contaminated surface or instrument.

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10
Q

Infection Control

A

Policies and practices designed to prevent the spread of infectious agents.

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11
Q

Latent Infection

A

Persistent infection with recurrent symptoms that “come and go.”

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12
Q

Occupational Exposure

A

Any reasonably anticipated skin, eye, or mucous membrane contact or percutaneous injury involving blood or any other potentially infectious materials.

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13
Q

Pathogen

A

Disease-causing organism

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14
Q

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

A

Items such as protective clothing, masks, gloves, and eyewear used to protect employees.

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15
Q

Standard Precaution

A

Standard of care designed to protect healthcare providers from pathogens that can be spread by blood or any other body fluid via excretion or secretion; expands upon the concept of

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16
Q

Universal Precautions

A

Guidelines based on treating all human blood and body fluids (including saliva) as potentially infectious.

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17
Q

Virulence

A

Strength of a pathogen’s ability to cause disease; also known as pathogenicity.

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18
Q

Antiseptic

A

Substance for killing microorganisms on the skin.

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19
Q

Bio Burden

A

Blood, saliva, and other body fluids.

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20
Q

Broad-Spectrum Activity

A

Capable of killing a wide range of microbes.

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21
Q

Clinical Contact Surface

A

Surface touched by contaminated hands, instruments, or spatter during dental treatment.

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22
Q

Disinfectant

A

Chemical used to reduce or lower the numbers of microorganisms on inanimate objects.

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23
Q

Environmental Surface

A

Surface within a healthcare facility that is not directly involved in patient care, but that may become contaminated during the course of treatment (e.g., countertops, floors, walls, instrument control panels).

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24
Q

Fungicidal

A

A product that is capable of killing fungi.

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25
Q

Glutaraldehyde

A

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)–registered high-level disinfectant.

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26
Q

High-Level Disinfectant

A

Hospital disinfectant with tuberculocidal activity.

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27
Q

Hospital Disinfectant

A

Disinfectant with the ability to kill Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella choleraesuis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

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28
Q

Housekeeping Surfaces

A

Surface that is not contaminated during dental treatment (e.g., floors, walls).

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29
Q

Immersion Disinfectant

A

Disinfectant used for immersion (soaking) of heat-sensitive instruments.

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30
Q

Intermediate-Level Disinfectant

A

Liquid disinfectant with EPA registration as a hospital disinfectant with tuberculocidal activity. It is used for disinfecting operatory surfaces.

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31
Q

Iodophor

A

EPA-registered, intermediate-level hospital disinfectant.

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32
Q

Low-Level Disinfectant

A

Disinfectant that destroys certain viruses and fungi; used for general house cleaning (e.g., walls, floors).

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33
Q

Precleaning

A

Removal of bioburden before disinfection.

34
Q

Residual Activity

A

Action that continues long after initial application, as with disinfectants.

35
Q

Reuse Life

A

Time period that a disinfectant should remain effective during use and reuse.

36
Q

Shelf Life

A

How long a product may be stored before use.

37
Q

Single-Use Items

A

Items that are used on only one patient and then are thrown away.

38
Q

Sodium Hypochlorite

A

Surface disinfectant commonly known as household bleach.

39
Q

Splash, Splatter, and Droplet Surface

A

Surface that does not contact members of the dental team or contaminated instruments or supplies.

40
Q

Sporicidal

A

Capable of killing bacterial spores

41
Q

Sterilant

A

Agent that kills all microorganisms

42
Q

Sterilization

A

Process that kills all microorganisms

43
Q

Surface Barrier

A

Fluid-resistant material used to cover surfaces likely to become contaminated.

44
Q

Synthetic Phenol Compound

A

EPA-registered intermediate-level hospital disinfectant with broad-spectrum disinfecting action.

45
Q

Touch Surface

A

Surface directly touched and contaminated during procedures.

46
Q

Transfer Surface

A

Surface not directly touched but often contacted by contaminated instruments.

47
Q

Tuberculocidal

A

Capable of inactivating tuberculosis-causing microorganisms.

48
Q

Virucidal

A

Capable of killing some viruses.

49
Q

Autoclave

A

Instrument for sterilization by means of moist heat under pressure.

50
Q

Biologic Indicators

A

Vials or strips, also known as spore tests, that contain harmless bacterial spores; used to determine whether sterilization has occurred.

51
Q

Biologic Monitoring

A

Verifies sterilization by confirming that all spore-forming microorganisms have been destroyed.

52
Q

Chemical Vapor Sterilization

A

Sterilization by means of hot formaldehyde vapors under pressure.

53
Q

Clean Area

A

Place where sterilized instruments, fresh disposable supplies, and prepared trays are stored.

54
Q

Contaminated Area

A

Place where contaminated items are brought for precleaning.

55
Q

Critical Instrument

A

Item used to penetrate soft tissue or bone.

56
Q

Noncritical Instrument

A

Item that comes in contact with intact skin only.

57
Q

Process Indicators

A

Tapes, strips, or tabs with heat-sensitive chemicals that change color when exposed to a certain temperature.

58
Q

Process Indicators

A

Strips placed in packages that change color when exposed to a combination of heat, temperature, and time.

59
Q

Semi-Critical Instrument

A

Item that comes in contact with oral tissues but does not penetrate soft tissue or bone.

60
Q

Single-Parameter Indicators

A

Tapes, strips, or tabs with heat-sensitive chemicals that change color when exposed to a particular temperature. Also known as process indicators.

61
Q

Ultrasonic Cleaner

A

Instrument that loosens and removes debris by sound waves traveling through a liquid.

62
Q

Use-Life

A

Period of time during which a germicidal solution is effective after it has been prepared for use

63
Q

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

A

Federal agency that is non-regulatory and that issues recommendations on health and safety.

64
Q

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

A

Federal regulatory agency whose responsibility it is to protect and restore the environment and public health through environmental laws.

65
Q

Food and Drug Administration

A

Federal regulatory agency that regulates food, drugs, medical devices, animal feed and drugs, cosmetics, and radiation-emitting products (cell phones, lasers, microwaves, etc.).

66
Q

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

A

Federal agency that is nonregulatory and provides national and worldwide leadership to prevent work-related illnesses and injuries.

67
Q

National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Reasearch (NIDCR)

A

Federal agency whose mission is to improve oral, dental, and craniofacial health through research, research training, and the dissemination of health information.

68
Q

National Institutes of Health (NIH)

A

One of the world’s foremost research centers.

69
Q

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

A

Federal regulatory agency whose mission is to ensure the safety and health of America’s workers by setting and enforcing standards.

70
Q

Organization for Safety, Asepsis and prevention (OSAP)

A

The premier infection control agency in the United States.

71
Q

Acute Exposure

A

High levels of exposure over a short period.

72
Q

Chemical Inventory

A

Comprehensive list of every product used in the office that contains chemicals.

73
Q

Chronic Exposure

A

Repeated exposures, generally to lower levels, over a long time.

74
Q

Contaminated Waste

A

Items such as gloves and patient napkins that may contain the potentially infectious body fluids of patients.

75
Q

Hazard Communication Standard

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standard regarding employees’ “right to know” about chemicals in the workplace.

76
Q

Hazardous Waste

A

Waste that poses a risk to humans or to the environment.

77
Q

Infectious Waste

A

Waste that is capable of transmitting an infectious disease.

78
Q

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

A

Form that provides health and safety information regarding materials that contain chemicals.

79
Q

Regulated Waste

A

Infectious waste that requires special handling, neutralization, and disposal.

80
Q

Toxic Waste

A

Waste that can have a poisonous effect.

Dental Assisting 1 & 2 (4 decks)

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