Module 2 Part B

Question 1

Amazon Molly

Answer 1

Freshwater fish
Reproduction by Parthenogenesis

Question 2

Habitat of Amazon molly

Answer 2

Freshwater

Question 3

Why is Amazon Molly Fascinating

Answer 3

It is a tribe of all females

Question 4

How do amazon molly reproduce without males

Answer 4

Ancestors of molly produced from hybridzation
Salifin molly and Shorfin molly

Question 5

Salifin molly and Shortfin molly

Answer 5

Mate to form amazon molly
Have both sexes
Amazon molly mates with one of these males and recieve sperm to serve and activate the diploid egg to develop

Question 6

All offspring of amazon molly are

Answer 6

Genetically identical to the mother

Question 7

Sympatry

Answer 7

Zone of co existence `

Question 8

Apomixis

Answer 8

In plants
Asexual reproduction without fertilization

Question 9

Example of Apomixis

Answer 9

Dandelion

Question 10

Dandelion

Answer 10

Apomixis
Seeds production without pollination

Question 11

Sexual Reproduction (Plants and Animals)

Answer 11

Production of new individuals by the joining of gametes to form a zygote by the process of fertilization

Diploid - Meiosis - Haploid - Fertilization

Question 12

Difference between Desert grassland whiptail lizards and green plated lizards

Answer 12

Desert grasland: Clones (Parthnogenesis)
Green plated: Genetic Variation (Sexual reproduction)

Question 13

Self fertilization

Answer 13

Have eggs and polon within itself

Question 14

Cross fertilization

Answer 14

Polon (Sperm) is carried by wind or bird to fertilize the egg

Question 15

Two types of cross fertilization

Answer 15

External fertilization
Internal Fertilization

Question 16

External Fertilization

Answer 16

Frogs
Release eggs into the enviroment

Question 17

Internal Fertlization

Answer 17

Mammals
Sperm release into the female

Question 18

Hermaphrodites

Answer 18

Both male and female sex organs

Question 19

Which RO’s are hermaphrodites

Answer 19

Coomon earthworms
Planaria

Question 20

Planaria

Answer 20

hermaphrodites
Main cross fertilization but rarely self fertilization

Question 21

Sequential Hermaphroditism

Answer 21

Individuals begin life as one sex and change later

Question 22

Example of Sequential hermaphroditism

Answer 22

Clown fish
Individuals begin life as males and some then change to become females
Loss of dominant female provides a stimulus for a sex chnage in her male partner

Question 23

Sexual Reproduction (Bacteria, protists and fungi)

Answer 23

No male and female reproductive structures
Have different mating types (+/- or donor/recepient cells)
Production of a new individual by the echnage of genetic material from 2 individuals of different mating types

Question 24

Conjugation

Answer 24

Two organisms fuse along a common surface and exchnage genetic material

Question 25

Whats unique about conjugation

Answer 25

No Increase in the number of individuals

Question 26

Examples of conjugation

Answer 26

Spirogyra and Paramecium

Question 27

7 characteristics of life

Answer 27

One or more cells Constant input of energy/raw materials conduct metabolism grow/develop exhibit homeostasis make short term responses to stimuli reproduce

Question 28

Virsues

Answer 28

Very small Consists of genetic material do not contain all4 biomolucles No cellular structure Unable to replicate CANNOT REPRODUCE Pathogenic

Question 29

What protects a virus

Answer 29

Protective protein coat called a capsid

Question 30

Viroids

Answer 30

Infectious particle of plants No cellular structure Depend upon enzymes of plant host for replication Lack proteins Consist of a small RNA molecule

Question 31

RNA of viroids

Answer 31

RNA of viroids do not code for any proteins

Question 32

Prions

Answer 32

Non living entities More simple than viruses Are PROTEINS Lack heredity material No cellular strucute Infectious agent

Question 33

Water is the

Answer 33

matrix of life

Question 34

Water moves from

Answer 34

Low solute concentration to High Solute concentration

Question 35

Contractile Vacuole

Answer 35

Found in Paramecium and Amoeba Pumps out excess water via pores in cytoplasm

Question 36

Dehydration

Answer 36

Loss of body fluids below normal range

Question 37

Water loss could be due to

Answer 37

Respiration

Question 38

Adaptations of a camel

Answer 38

Pads on feet for walking on hot soft sand toes spread apart for better grip Long strong legs for carrying load on back and keeping body furthur away from sand hard fat layer of skin around stomach and thick leathery pathes on knee protects camel from extreme heat while seating on sand Long eye lids with double lashes reduce sand in eyes thick split lips to eat thorny desert plants

Question 39

Hump

Answer 39

Storage area for fat supply in times of need - Metabolic water 2times water produced by metabolizing fat rather than any other

Question 40

Other Adaptations to avoid dehydration: Camel

Answer 40

Thick fur insulates bodyagainst extremes of hear during day and cold at night Camels regulate their body temperature Can rehydrate very quickly Lock intestine for reabsorbing water Concentrated urine (preventing water loss)

Question 41

How does camel regulate body temperature

Answer 41

An enviroment temperature increase, the camel can raise its body temperature, preventing sweating and thus prevents water loss