Module 3 Flashcards
(31 cards)
what are amino acids building blocks of ?
proteins
do all organisms use the same pool of amino acids to build their proteins
yes
what are the distinct advantages of creating biomolecules as polymers of smaller, simpler building blocks (3)
- simplicity of chemistry
- recycling
- diversity
what’re the common features of amino acids ? (4)
hydrogen
central alpha carbon
amino group
carboxyl group
which amino acid doesn’t have a chiral centre?
glycine
are proteins made from L or D isomers
L
what are the non polar amino acids (7)
G,A,V,L,I,P,M
what is phosphorylation?
a mechanism to regulate protein function
what are the aromatic amino acids ? (3)
Y,F,W
what’s an example of post transitional modification
phosphorylation
what can two cysteines form?
a covalent linkage called a disulfide bond
what do disulfide bonds do
stabilize protein structures
what does more cysteine mean for structure?
more rigid structures
what are the positively charged amino acids?
lysine (Lys, K)
arginine (Arg, R)
sometimes Histidine (His, H)
what are the negatively charged amino acids?
Aspartate (Asp, D)
Glutamate (Glu, E)
what do all amino acids have?
alpha carbon
carboxyl group
amino group
how many buffering regions do diuretics have ?
Two
how many buffering regions does a triprotic have ?
3
what do triprotic amino acids have?
ionizable groups in their side chains
What are the triprotic amino acids? (7)
Lys
Arg
His
Asp
Glu
Cys
Tyr
What is it when pH is below pKa?
Protonated
what is it when pH is above pKa?
unprotonated
What is carboxyl in its protonated form?
COOH
what is carboxyl in its unprotonated form?
COO-
