Module 3

Question 1

Law of Mass Conservation

Answer 1

Matter cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms.

Question 2

Element

Answer 2

Any substance that cannot be decomposed into less massive substances.

Question 3

The element abbreviation which appears on the periodic chart is usually…

Answer 3

…either the first or the first two letters of the element’s English or Latin name.

Question 4

Even though hydrogen is left of the jagged line…

Answer 4

…it is always considered a nonmetal.

Question 5

If an element appears to the left of the jagged line on the periodic table of elements it is a…

Answer 5

…metal.

Question 6

If an element appears to the right of the jagged line on the periodic table of elements, it is considered…

Answer 6

…a non-metal.

Question 7

What is the difference between a metal and a non-metal?

Answer 7

Metals are usually malleable, have luster, and are able to conduct electricity. Non-metals are typically brittle, lack luster, and do not conduct electricity.

Question 8

Compounds

Answer 8

Substances that can be decomposed into elements by chemical means.

Question 9

The Law of Definite Proportions

Answer 9

The proportion of elements in any compound is always the same.

Question 10

The Law of Multiple Proportions

Answer 10

If two elements combine to form different compounds, the ratio of the masses of the second element that react with a fixed mass of the first element will be a simple, whole-number ratio.

Question 11

A compound is ionic if…(periodic table)

Answer 11

…it contains at least one metal atom and at least one nonmetal atom.

Question 12

A compound is covalent if…(periodic table)

Answer 12

…it is made up of solely nonmetal atoms.

Question 13

Mono

Answer 13

one

Question 14

Di

Answer 14

two

Question 15

Tri

Answer 15

three

Question 16

Tetra

Answer 16

four

Question 17

Penta

Answer 17

five

Question 18

Hexa

Answer 18

six

Question 19

Hepta

Answer 19

seven

Question 20

Octa

Answer 20

eight

Question 21

Nona

Answer 21

nine

Question 22

Deca

Answer 22

ten

Question 23

What are the three rules for naming ionic compounds?

Answer 23

1. Start with the name of the first atom in the molecule
2. Take the next atom in the molecule and replace its ending with an “ide” suffix
3. Putting those two names together gives you the compound’s name

Question 24

What is the special rule for naming a covalent compound?

Answer 24

Add prefixes in front of the name of each atom in the compound.

Question 25

What are the four assumptions of Dalton's Atomic Theory?

Answer 25

1. All elements are composed of small, individual particles called "atoms" 2. All atoms of the same element have exactly the same properties 3. Atoms of different elements have different properties 4. Compounds are formed when atoms are joined together. Since atoms are indivisible, they can only join together in simple, whole-number ratios.

Question 26

What is the Continuous Theory of Matter?

Answer 26

It is the theory that substances are composed of long, unbroken blobs of matter.

Question 27

What is the discontinuous theory of matter?

Answer 27

It is the theory that matter is composed of tiny, individual particles.