Module 3 Flashcards
Law of Mass Conservation
Matter cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms.
Element
Any substance that cannot be decomposed into less massive substances.
The element abbreviation which appears on the periodic chart is usually…
…either the first or the first two letters of the element’s English or Latin name.
Even though hydrogen is left of the jagged line…
…it is always considered a nonmetal.
If an element appears to the left of the jagged line on the periodic table of elements it is a…
…metal.
If an element appears to the right of the jagged line on the periodic table of elements, it is considered…
…a non-metal.
What is the difference between a metal and a non-metal?
Metals are usually malleable, have luster, and are able to conduct electricity. Non-metals are typically brittle, lack luster, and do not conduct electricity.
Compounds
Substances that can be decomposed into elements by chemical means.
The Law of Definite Proportions
The proportion of elements in any compound is always the same.
The Law of Multiple Proportions
If two elements combine to form different compounds, the ratio of the masses of the second element that react with a fixed mass of the first element will be a simple, whole-number ratio.
A compound is ionic if…(periodic table)
…it contains at least one metal atom and at least one nonmetal atom.
A compound is covalent if…(periodic table)
…it is made up of solely nonmetal atoms.
Mono
one
Di
two
Tri
three
Tetra
four
Penta
five
Hexa
six
Hepta
seven
Octa
eight
Nona
nine
Deca
ten
What are the three rules for naming ionic compounds?
- Start with the name of the first atom in the molecule
- Take the next atom in the molecule and replace its ending with an “ide” suffix
- Putting those two names together gives you the compound’s name
What is the special rule for naming a covalent compound?
Add prefixes in front of the name of each atom in the compound.