Module 3

Question 1

abdicate

Answer 1

to renounce or give up the title of monarch

Question 2

absolute monarchy

Answer 2

an authoritarian government headed by a hereditary monarch

Question 3

Aryan race

Answer 3

in Nazi ideology, the ideal and pure race; the blue-eyed and blond-haired Germanic and Nordic people

Question 4

atrocity

Answer 4

an act of violence or cruelty that is viewed as exceptionally shocking because of its nature or extent

Question 5

authoritarian

Answer 5

a form of government in which the leader is not elected and does not respect the will of the people

Question 6

Bolshevik Party

Answer 6

a political party created by Lenin

The goal of the Bolshevik Party was to overthrow the Czar and establish communism based on Lenin’s slogan, “Peace! Land! Bread!”

Question 7

Bolsheviks

Answer 7

Russian revolutionaries, led by Lenin, who followed the ideas of Marx

Question 8

bourgeoisie

Answer 8

the middle class; typically composed of factory or business owners

Question 9

censorship

Answer 9

government control over the media

Censorship restricts access to information and attempts to guide citizens in a certain direction.

Question 10

centrally planned economy

Answer 10

an economy based on a central government making all economic decisions for the country

Question 11

charismatic

Answer 11

a personal trait of people who are strongly appealing, magnetic, and larger than life

Question 12

class struggle

Answer 12

the struggle between the rich and the poor (the bourgeoisie and the proletariat)

Question 13

collective

Answer 13

a group of individuals in a society who share a common issue or interest

Question 14

collectivization

Answer 14

a policy adopted by Stalin that combined small farms into larger, government-controlled farms

Question 15

command economy

Answer 15

an economy that is controlled by a central government, as in the former Soviet Union

Question 16

communism

Answer 16

an ideology based on economic and political equality based on state ownership, with each person working to support the common good

Question 17

Communist Party

Answer 17

a political party that promotes equality of rights under strict government control

Question 18

concentration camp

Answer 18

prison camps for Hitler’s enemies

These camps later came to be known as death camps, or extermination camps.

Question 19

Constituent Assembly

Answer 19

a government made up of an elected body of officials

Question 20

coup d’état

Answer 20

the forceful overthrow of a government by a small group of individuals

Question 21

denazification

Answer 21

a process used to remove all evidence of the Nazi regime in Germany

Question 22

dictatorship

Answer 22

an authoritarian system in which power is concentrated in the hands of a single person; an autocracy

Question 23

Duma

Answer 23

an elected legislative assembly established by Czar Nicholas II in 1905

Question 24

Enabling Act

Answer 24

an act that gave the leader of Germany the power to make laws without the Reichstag’s approval

Question 25

famine

Answer 25

severe lack of food causing widespread starvation`

Question 26

fascism

Answer 26

a political ideology characterized by an extreme right-wing view and supported by a totalitarian government

Question 27

Final Solution

Answer 27

Hitler’s plan to cleanse Germany of all Jewish people

Question 28

Fuehrer

Answer 28

the title Hitler gave himself when he became the leader of Germany

Question 29

German Labour Front

Answer 29

a German organization that replaced unions and made new labour laws that went against liberal values

Question 30

Gestapo

Answer 30

Hitler’s secret police, known for its brutality

Question 31

Gosplan

Answer 31

the state planning committee responsible for the economic planning of the Soviet Union

Question 32

Hitler Youth (Hitlerjugend, or HJ)

Answer 32

a militaristic Nazi youth organization HJ members were trained to be future Nazi Party leaders.

Question 33

hyperinflation

Answer 33

extreme inflation in which the price of a product increases at an alarming rate

Question 34

indoctrinate

Answer 34

to instruct someone to believe in an ideological point of view

Question 35

inflation

Answer 35

a rise in prices related to an increase in the volume of money and resulting in the loss of value of currency

Question 36

junta

Answer 36

an oligarchy formed by a committee of military officers

Question 37

KGB

Answer 37

Soviet secret police and intelligence agency

Question 38

Kremlin

Answer 38

a government building in Russia/the Soviet Union

Question 39

kulaks

Answer 39

prosperous farmers from the Ukraine who opposed collectivization

Question 40

Law Against the Formation of New Political Parties

Answer 40

a law stating that the Nazi Party is the only legal political party in Germany

Question 41

Law for the Protection of the People and the State

Answer 41

an act that, among other powers, suspended civil liberties

Question 42

Marxism

Answer 42

theories by Karl Marx that rejected classical liberalism and the unjust conditions brought about by the Industrial Revolution

Question 43

Mein Kampf

Answer 43

a book written by Hitler that describes his ideology and his plan for the Final Solution

Question 44

nationalization

Answer 44

complete government control of industries

Question 45

National Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nazi Party)

Answer 45

a political party founded by Adolf Hitler that ruled Germany from 1920 to 1933 The predecessor to the Nazi Party was the German Workers’ Party.

Question 46

New Economic Policy (NEP)

Answer 46

Lenin’s economic policy of limited private ownership

Question 47

Night of the Long Knives

Answer 47

a period in 1934 when Hitler executed his generals for disloyalty

Question 48

oligarchy

Answer 48

an authoritarian system in which power is concentrated in the hands of a small ruling group or committee

Question 49

one-party state

Answer 49

a government that legalizes only one political party

Question 50

proletariat

Answer 50

the working class in Russia and the Soviet Union

Question 51

provisional government

Answer 51

a temporary government in place until a general election can be held

Question 52

purge

Answer 52

removal of individuals who are deemed to be a threat to power or a menace to society

Question 53

putsch

Answer 53

a German term for the planned overthrow of a government

Question 54

quota

Answer 54

a predetermined amount of product a person or group must produce

Question 55

reform

Answer 55

a change to a better form; an improvement to what is unsatisfactory

Question 56

Reichstag

Answer 56

the German parliament building

Question 57

revolution

Answer 57

a rapid change in power or organization

Question 58

ruble

Answer 58

Soviet currency (money)

Question 59

socialism

Answer 59

an ideology based on government ownership and control of industry and economic equality

Question 60

SS

Answer 60

members of Hitler’s police force; models for Hitler’s master race

Question 61

state

Answer 61

a central government or authority

Question 62

stormtrooper

Answer 62

a member of the German army known for use of violence and brutality

Question 63

Third Reich

Answer 63

the name for Germany under Hitler’s regime

Question 64

totalitarian government

Answer 64

a government that exercises dictatorial control over many areas of life

Question 65

trade union

Answer 65

an organization of workers who have common goals, such as working conditions and wages

Question 66

utopian socialism

Answer 66

an ideology based on a society in which all members work and share profits equally

Question 67

War Communism

Answer 67

an economic and political policy in Russia from 1918 to 1921 that included nationalization of industries, food rationing, and required labour duties

Question 68

War Reparation Payment

Answer 68

Germany’s obligation to give money for the reconstruction of countries damaged by war

Question 69

Weimar Republic

Answer 69

a name used to describe Germany from 1919 to 1933