Module 3.0 Flashcards
1
Q
Plasma membrane function
A
- surrounds cell
- selectively permeable
- ion channels
2
Q
Ribosome function
A
- RNA & protein
- make proteins used in cell or to export
3
Q
Nucleus function
A
- contains DNA
4
Q
Lysosome function
A
- cell death
- food particle break down
- breaks down disease-causing organisms
5
Q
Cilia function
A
- move things across the surface of the cell
6
Q
Microvilli function
A
- increases surface area for nutrient absorption
7
Q
Rough ER function
A
- synthesizes proteins for packaging in vesicles
8
Q
Smooth ER function
A
- fat metabolism
- detox of toxic substances
- synthesizes lipids
9
Q
Mitochondria function
A
- converts sugars, energy-rich molecules into ATP
10
Q
Golgi Apparatus
A
- package/concentrates/modifies molecules for transport out of cell
11
Q
Osteoporosis is a condition involving bone loss, affects which of the following?
A
supporting connective tissue
12
Q
which type of muscle tissue is found in layers around the respiratory and reproductive tracts?
A
smooth
13
Q
hormones are secretions from what?
A
endocrine glands
14
Q
which major tissue type is responsible for the production of glandular secretions
A
epithelia
15
Q
which structure lies between the epithelium and underlying connective tissues?
A
basement membrane
16
Q
which type of epithelium is found in portions of the kidney tubules, thyroid gland, glands, and ducts?
A
simple cuboidal epithelium
17
Q
what regenerates the most rapidly
A
skin
18
Q
production of what is stimulated by UV radiation?
A
vitamin D3
19
Q
what role does subcutaneous fat serve?
A
reduces heat loss, energy reserve, shock absorber
20
Q
what is a location of thick skin?
A
soles, palms
21
Q
which epidermal strata contains cells with the highest rate of cell division?
A
stratum basale
22
Q
which epidermal layer contains the most keratin
A
stratum corneum
23
Q
which gland produces lubricating secretions with antibacterial properties, to protect most of the skin
A
sebaceous
24
Q
which gland is found in the axillary/inguinal area?
A
aprocrine
25
what skin cancer will often appear as a darkly pigmented spot?
melanoma
26
what is the critical percentage of burn coverage that may threaten homeostatic functions?
more than 20%
27
nucleoli are organelles that synthesize what?
rRNA
28
Which organelle in the cell produces new phospholipids for use in the plasma membrane
smooth ER
29
the production of specialized cells from stem cells is know as what?
differentiation
30
in the membrane "skin" of a cell, what makes up the hydrophobic interior region?
fatty acid tails
31
what organelle is associated with ribosomes
rough ER
32
what organelle is involved in membrane flow
golgi apparatus, er, transport vesicles
33
what will happen to a human cell in a hypertonic solution?
shrink/shrivel/crenate
34
what attaches to and moves chromosomes apart during mitosis?
spindle fibers
35
what part of the cell disintegrates during mitosis
nuclear membrane
36
the centrosomes move away from each other and the nuclear envelope breaks up during which phase of mitosis
prophase
37
the sister chromatids separate and begin moving toward opposite poles of the cell during which phase of mitosis
anaphase
*move away*
38
at the end of the mitotic phase, the cytoplasm divides in a process called
cytokinesis
39
which organelle has been called cellular "suicide packets"
lysosome
40
the process of mRNA formation is called?
transcription
41
in which tumor are the cells confined within a connective tissue capsule (it has nor moved from its original location)?
benign tumor
42
what cytoskeleton component is involved in cell division?
centriole
43
in what organelle are steroids, triglycerides, and phospholipids synthesized?
smooth er
44
what structure carries the instructions for building a specific protein?
gene
45
in the cell cycle, what stage comes between g1 and g2, and is the time during which dna replicates?
s phase
46
in what phase of mitosis do chromosomes all lie equally distant from both poles of the cell?
metaphase
47
what must happen before a cell can begin mitosis?
chromosomes must be duplicated
48
the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during which phase of mitosis?
metaphase
49
the chromosomes arrive at the poles and nuclear envelopes form during which phase of mitosis?
telophase
50
muscle does what?
contracts
51
smooth muscle
where and what does it do
- in walls of hollow organs/tubes
- moves things along
52
cardiac muscle
where and what does it do
- heart
- pumps blood
53
skeletal muscle
where and what does it do
- attached to skeleton
- movement / heat
54
connective tissue does what?
connects, lots of matric
55
"proper" connective
where and what does it do
loose = adipose
rope-like = tendon/ligaments
56
fluid connective
where and what does it do
lymph = ECF that went into lymph vessels to be checked out
blood = transport
57
supportive connect
where and what
cartilage and bone
58
3 cartilage
hyaline = entire embryo skeleton
fibrous = intervertebral disks, knees
elastic = ear
59
epithelial does what?
lines and covers everything
60
simple squamous
where and what
- diffusion filtration
- lungs
61
simple cuboidal
where and what
- secrete stuff
-glands (endo/exocrine)
62
simple columnar
where and what
microvilli - small intestines
cilia - resp. , repro.
63
stratifies squamous
where and what
- skin
- protect
64
transition
where and what
-urinary bladder
-stretchy
65
4 membranes
-mucous
-synovial
-serous
-cutaneous
66
mucous membrane does what
- lines cavities open to the outside
-trap particles, lubricate/protect
67
serous membrane does what
-lines cavities that aren't open to the outside
- reduces friction in cavities
68
synovial membrane does what
-lines cavities in synovial joins
- lubricates
69
cutaneous membrane does what
-skin
-protects
70
What is the function of simple columnar?
absorption and secretion
71
Where may you find simple squamous epithelium?
alveolar sacs of the lungs
72
where may you find simple cuboidal
kidney tubules
73
what is the function of transitional
elasticity, expansion
74
what is histology
study of tissues
75
what is the function of blood
transports nutrients, gases, waste, etc
76
where is simple columnar located?
large intestine
77
what best corresponds to the function of simple squamous
diffusion
78
where is pseudostratified columnar located?
trachea
79
where is stratified squamous located?
mouth, esophagus, anus
80
where is transitional located
ureter, urinary bladder
81
where is areolar (loose ct) located?
surrounding organ, under epithelia
82
function of stratified squamous?
protection from abrasion and infection
83
function of pseudostratified columnar?
secretion, movement of mucus
84
function of areolar (loose ct)
wraps, cushions, holds defense cells/fluids
