Module 4 Flashcards

(42 cards)

1
Q

Pediatric assessment triagle

A

Appearance
Breathing
Circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Appearance Assessment

A

TICLS- assessing for adequacy of oxygention

Tone
Interactions
Controllability
Look/gaze
Speech/cry
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Appearance 6 red flags

A
Lethargy
Blank stare
Limp/rag doll
No interaction
Inconsolability
Weak muffled cry
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Breathing assessment

A

Airway, oxygenation and ventilation
WOB
Rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Breathing Red flags (5)

A
Abnormal audible breath sounds 
Increased resp rate 
Nasal flaring
Increased resp effort
Tripod or sniffing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Circulation

A

Inadequate perfusion of vital organs leads to compensatory vasoconstriction to nonessential areas especially skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Circulation red flags

A

Pallor
Mottling
Cyanosis
Ashen/grey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

PEDs secondary assessment

A

CIAMPEDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CIAMPEDS

A
Chief compliant
Immunizations
Allergies
Medications
Pmhx/Parental concern
Events surrounding illness
Diapers/Diet
Symptoms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Airway assessment anatomical differences PEDS

A
Look listen feel
Nose breathers 
small airway diameter 
short trachea
Big tongue
large head and weak neck
trachea is soft and flexible
Larynx is funnel-shaped 

C-spine-flexi neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Breathing assessment anatomical differences PEDS

A
Diaphromatic resps- observe belly
Fewer and smaller alveoli
Less elastic recoil
smaller tidal volumes
Pliable thoracic cage
Weaker intercostal (cant increase TV)
use diaphragm to breath
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Circulation assessment anatomical differences PEDS

A

limited SV
heart has small mass so weaker contractions
increased circulation volume/kg
larger % of body is water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Disability assessment anatomical differences PEDS

A
AVPU
susceptible to hypoglycemia
Assess fontanelles
limited glucagon storage
increased metabolic demands
more permeable blood-brain barrier
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Expose assessment anatomical differences PEDS

A

large body surface area
immature thermoregulation mechanisms
soft bones
risk for maltreatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

F assessment anatomical differences PEDS

A

Vitals
Temp- should do a rectal
Weight
Family

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Moderate Croup treatment

A

0.6mg/kg dexamethasone

Position of comfort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Severe croup treatment

A

0.6mg/kg dexamethasone
Position of comfort
Epi nebs
oxygen

18
Q

Mild croup

A

no stridor or chest wall indrawing

19
Q

Moderate croup

A

stridor or chest wall indrawing. pt at rest

20
Q

Severe croup

A

stridor, indrawing and agitation or lethargy

21
Q

Croup patho

A

virus causes generalized airway inflammation and edema of the upper airway mucosa

The subglottic region becomes narrowed causing upper airway obstruction

22
Q

Croup symptoms (6)

A
rapid onset
worse at night
barky cough
insp stridor
hoarsness
resp distress
23
Q

Bronchiolitis age group

24
Q

Bronchiolitis signs and symptoms

A
cough
runny nose
wheezes
crackles
increased WOB
25
Which patients with bronchiolitis is at a high risk for apnea
Kids <48 weeks PCA | 6 weeks since birth
26
Bronchiolitis cause
most often RSV
27
Bronchiolitis Patho
Lower resp tract infection causes inflammation of small bronchioles causes airway obstruction in bronchioles due to secretions, thick mucous and edema ``` hypersecretion acute inflammation of airways edema Necrosis of epithelial cells lining small airways Bronchospasm ```
28
Bronchiolitis treatment
supportive care oxygenate hydrate suction
29
Bronchiolitis red flags
``` age WOB Rate comorbidities volume status ```
30
Asthma
Chronic inflammatory disorder upper airway hyperresponsiveness Salbutamol q20-30 mins
31
Why are peds at risk for volume depletion
``` increased metabolic needs large body surface area to mass a higher percentage of the body is water (70-80%) loose more fluids when breathing more fluid loss from skin unable to concentrate urine ```
32
Bolus
10-20ml/kg
33
Maintenance fluids
4-2-1 rule 4ml/kg for first 10 kg 2ml/kg for next 10 kg 1ml/kg for remainder
34
neonate sBP
80 mmHg
35
1 month to 10 y old sBP
70 +(2xage) mmHg
36
how do peds patient raise their Cardiac output
increase HR
37
How do children respiratory compensate
increase resp rate
38
Why is projectile vomiting a red flag in neonates
pyloric stenosis
39
Why is grass green emesis a red flag in neonates
intestinal volvulus
40
Neonate red flags (45 weeks PMA)
``` weight loss ( can lose 10% but should regain by first week) lethargy Jaundice floppy inconsolable ```
41
Fever is a red flag in children of what age
<3months
42
Why are neonates at an increased risk for sepsis
increased permeable blood brain barrier, exposure to GBS (Group B Strep) in utero/during delivery limited ability to localize antigens (immature immune systems).