Module 4 Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are the 3 types of joints
1: fibrous joint
2: cartilaginous joint
3: synovial joint
What are fibrous joints?
Primary composed of collagen provide little to no movement providing stability and protection.
Types of fibrous joints
- sutures: found in the skull
- syndesmoses: allow slight movement found between long bones like tibia and fibula
- gomphoses: joint that anchors teeth to jawbone
What are cartilaginous joints
Joints connected by cartilage and allow limited movement
What are the two types of cartilaginous joints
Synchondroses: joints where bones are united by hyaline cartilage such as the growth plates
Symphyses: joints are united by fibrocartilage include teh pubic symphysis and intervertrebra disks between vertebrae
What are synovial joints?
Most common and most mobile type of joint in body. Allowing a wide range of movement.
They are filled with synovial fluid
What are the 6 type of synovial joints
1: ball and socket joints
2: hinge joints
3: pivot joints
4: condyloid joints
5: saddle joints
6: gliding joints (plane joints)
What are ball and socket joints?
Allow movement in multiple directions including rotation.
Eg. shoulder and hip joints
What are hinge joints?
Permit movement in one direction like the opening and closing of a door
Eg. Elbow and knee
What are pivot joints?
Allow rotational movement. It’s what allows your head to rotate
What are condyloid joints?
Permit movement but no rotation such as flexion, extension and side to side.
Eg. Wrist joint
What are Saddle joints?
Allow movement along different planes.
Eg. Thumb joint
What are gliding joints? (Plane joints)
Allow bones to slide past each other
Eg. Between the tarsal bones of the foot and carpal bones of the writs
What is the primary function of joints?
To enable movement by acting as pivot points where bones meet
Joints contribute to “blank” during activities like walking, running, or jumping?
Shock absorption
What are the 4 purposes of synovial fluid?
1: lubrication
2: shock absorption
3: cartilage nourishment
4: protection
What is a ligament?
Tough, fibrous band of connective tissue that connects bone to bone at a joint.
What are ligaments primarily composed of?
Collagen and elastin fibers
Ligaments play a critical role in “blank” by ensuring that bones remain properly aligned during movement.
Joint stability
What is a tendon?
A strong flexible band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone.
What are tendons made of
Primarily composed of collagen fibers but are less elastic than ligaments
What are tendons crucial for?
Transmitting the force generated by muscle contractions to bones allowing for movement of the skeleton.
(Think of the achelies tendon attached to the calf)
What is cartilage?
Smooth resilient connective tissue found at the ends of bones in joints as well as ears and nose.
What is cartilage composed of?
Chondrocytes, collagen fibers, and a matrix made of proteoglycans.
