Module 4- Biodiversity Flashcards
what are the levels of biodiversity?
habitat, species, genetic
what is habitat biodiversity?
number of different habitats found within an area
what habitats have a large habitat biodiversity and why?
sand dunes, woodland,
meadows, streams- they can support a number of different species
what are the two components of species biodiversity?
species richness, species evenness
what is species evenness?
comparison of the numbers of individuals of each living species in a community
what is species richness?
number of different species living in a specific area
what is genetic biodiversity?
variety of genes that make up a species
what leads to genetic biodiversity within a species?
different versions of genes (alleles)
what are the benefits of species with high genetic biodiversity?
better adaptations to a changing environment + resistance from diseases
what is random sampling?
selecting individuals by chance,, each individual in population has equal likelihood of selection
how do do a random sample?
-mark grid on area using 2 tape measures at 90°
-use random numbers to determine x and y coordinates on grid
-take sample at coordinate pairs
what is non-random sampling?
sample is not chosen at random
what are the 3 main non-random sampling techniques?
opportunistic, stratified, systematic
why is opportunistic sampling the weakest form of sampling?
may not be representative of the whole population
what is opportunistic sampling?
uses organisms that are conveniently available
what is stratified sampling?
dividing populations into sub-groups based on particular characteristics
what is systematic sampling?
different areas within an overall habitat are identified then sampled separately
what is ‘in situ’ conservation?
within organisms natural habitat
what is ‘ex situ’ conservation?
out of an organisms natural habitat
what are examples of ‘in situ’ conservations?
wildlife reserves, marine conservation zones
