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Community Nursing > Module 4 (ch. 17) > Flashcards

Module 4 (ch. 17) Flashcards

1
Q

Smallpox

A

could be used as a threat or spread on purpose to individuals

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2
Q

Disaster

A

When destruction exceeds the ability of victims to respond effectively. Overwhelmed emergency response

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3
Q

Natural Disasters

A

A disaster caused by natural events or brought on by nature

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4
Q

Man-made disasters

A

Created by human activity; Includes shootings, bombings, riots, nuclear reactor meltdowns, industrial accidents, oil spills, construction accidents, and air, train, bus, and subway crashes.

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5
Q

Combination Disaster

A

Man-made disasters often follow natural disasters.

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6
Q

types of casualties - Casualty

A

1 person affected

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7
Q

Types of casualties - Multiple-casualty

A

2 - 100 people affected

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8
Q

Types of casualties - Mass -casualty

A

> 100 people affected

- mass casualty completely overwhelms the resources thus preparedness is essential.

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9
Q

Scope

A

range of its effect f

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10
Q

Intensity

A

Level of destruction and devastation it causes

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11
Q

Example of high scope and low intensity

A

Earthquake that spreads across one state but the damage is low

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12
Q

Example of low scope and high intensity

A

9/11 a small location but the impact was huge

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13
Q

Persons impacted by disasters

A

Directly impacted
* Dead
* Survivor (with or without injuries)
* Displaced persons (Katrina victims brought to Conway)
* Refugee (having to flee homeland due to war or persecution)
Indirectly impacted
* extreme anguish ( 9/11)

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14
Q

Disaster Contributing Factors

A

Host
Agent
Environment
examples on ppt

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15
Q

Host

A

The human being who experiences the disaster (happening to them)

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16
Q

Agent

A

Causes the disaster

17
Q

Environment

A

Potentially contribute to or mitigate a disaster

make the disaster worse or make a disaster better/manageable

18
Q

Agencies for disaster management

A

Department of Homeland Security

  • FEMA - established in 1979 (federal emergency management agency)
  • State and local (county) offices of emergency management
  • OEM (office of emergency management)
    • Faulkner county; Pg: 484
19
Q

Phases of Disaster Management

A
  1. Prevention (mitigation) - identify risks and implement programs to prevent disasters before they occur. example –
  2. Preparedness – improving responses to disasters so effects are minimized - mock disaster drills, disaster plans
  3. Response – immediate response - search and rescue, triage
  4. Recovery – repair, rebuild, relocate, restore to health - reconstruction, government assistance to individuals, clean up
20
Q

CHN Role in Preventing Disaster (primary, secondary, tertiary)

A

Primary prevention: prevent disaster from every occurring
Secondary Prevention: early detection and treatment (immediate and effective response)
Tertiary Prevention: reduces amount and degree of disability or damage

21
Q

CHN Role in Preparing for Disasters

A
  • Personal Preparedness
  • Rebecca Anderson, OKC Bombing
  • National Incident Management System (NIMS)
  • Assessment
  • Establishing authority, communication, & transportation
  • Mobilizing, warning and evacuating
22
Q

National Incident Management System (NIMS)

A

A systemic, proactive approach to managing all threats and hazards. The goal to bring every group and agency together working in one common direction.

23
Q

CHN role in responding to mass/multiple casualty disasters

A
  • rescue
  • triage
  • immediate treatment
  • Care for the dead
24
Q

CHN Role for recovery

A
  • long term treatment
  • long term support
  • need for self-care
  • critical incident stress debriefing
  • CISD provides relief workers with professional debriefing in small groups or individually and becomes a way to reconcile emotionally. This should be offered 24-72 hours after the incident. *
25
Q

Psychological Consequences

A
  • Acute stress disorder (only lasts a month)
  • Depression
  • PTSD (know the symptoms)
26
Q

PTSD symptoms

A

flashbacks, and nightmares, irritable or aggressive behavior reckless or self-destructive behavior hypervigilance exaggerated startle response problems with concentration difficulty falling or staying asleep or restless sleep, persistent fear, horror, anger, guilt, or shame markedly diminished interest or participation in significant activities feelings of detachment or estrangement from others persistent inability to experience positive emotions

27
Q

Psych (primary, secondary, tertiary)

A

Primary: teaching stress management and resilience
Secondary: debriefing, crisis intervention (short-term, 6 weeks)
Tertiary: Recognition and treatment for DSM -IV - TR’s acute stress disorder or PTSD

28
Q

Terrorism - nuclear warfare

A

Nuclear bombs and other substances

29
Q

Terrorism - chemical warfare

A
  • Explosives, nerve agents, blister agents, choking agents, and riot-control agents
  • Causes confusion, debilitation, death, and destruction
30
Q

Terrorism - Biologic warfare

A
  • cause multiple illnesses and death
  • Categorized as A, B, or C agents (chart)
  • outcome: fear, death, destruction
  • the use of toxins of biological origin or microorganisms as weapons of war.*
31
Q

Terrorism

A

unlawful violence used to further political or social agendas

32
Q

CHN role in terrorism (primary, secondary, tertiary)

A

Primary prevention
- Alert to surroundings and vigilant to report any suspicious activity
- Disaster plan
Secondary prevention
- Recognize nuclear, chemical, and biological illnesses
- Communicate effectively
- Direct care of survivors
Tertiary prevention
- Coping and recovering from the aftermath
- Dealing with the life-long fear which follows

33
Q

Become prepared by….

A

Now
- Online course (4 FEMA courses)
- Volunteer as a victim
- Volunteer for the American Red Cross or Medical Reserve Corps
As an RN
- Register with the Arkansas Volunteer Registry
- Disaster Medical Assistance Teams (DMAT)
- Become a public health nurse

Community Nursing (4 decks)

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