Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

General Biology - 1st Quarter > Module 4: Different Cell Types of Plant and Animal Tissues > Flashcards

Module 4: Different Cell Types of Plant and Animal Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

PLANT CELLS

A
  • regulates water cycle & carbon of the biosphere
  • unique organelles: cell wall, cholorplast, & vacuole
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

TWO STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS OF PLANT CELLS

A
  • shoot system
  • root system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

SHOOT SYSTEM
(plant cell)

A
  • structures ABOVE the ground
  • leaves, flowers, stems, & fruits
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ROOT SYSTEM
(plant cell)

A
  • structures BELOW the ground
  • origin of plants
  • roots, tubers, & rhizobial structure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

PLANT TISSUES

A
  • dermal
  • ground
  • vascular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

DERMAL TISSUE

A
  • plant cell
  • form the outer protecting covering of plants
  • epidermis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

EPIDERMIS

A
  • plant cell
  • dermal tissue
  • outermost layer found in all young plants
  • contains closely packed cells with cuticle
  • responsible in minimizing water loss and protecting cell from bacterias etc.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ROOTS
(epidermis)

A
  • epidermal cells
  • long and slender projections
  • root hairs - increase the surface area for absorption
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

STEM
(epidermis)

A
  • produce hair called TRICHOMAS
  • protects plant from too much sunlight & conserve moisture
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

LEAVES
(epidermis)

A
  • lower epidermis contains specialized cells called guard cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

GUARD CELLS

A
  • leaves
  • epidermis
  • contain chloroplasts & pores called STOMATA
  • gas exchanges occurs in stomata
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

STOMATA

A
  • epidermis
  • leaves
  • GAS EXCHANGE OCCURS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

GROUND TISSUE

A
  • plant cell
  • fills up the inner part of the plant
  • parenchyma, collenchyma, & scelerenchyma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

PARENCHYMA

A
  • plant cell
  • ground tissue
  • most abundant
  • big & thin-walled cells with large vacuole & air spaces
  • contribute mainly to penetration of light and regulation of gas exchange
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

COLLENCHYMA

A
  • plant cell
  • ground tissue
  • supports IMMATURE regions
  • thick-walled cells with uneven thickness
  • smaller than parenchyma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

SCLERENCHYMA

A
  • plant cell
  • ground tissue
  • supports MATURE regions
  • thick cell walls impregnated with lignins with high resistance substance that makes the cell tough & hard
  • mostly DEAD WHEN IT REACHES MATURITY AGE
  • two types:
    fibers - long & slender
    sclerids - shorter, vary in shape
    - found in seeds of fruits and nutshell - aka STONE CELL
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

VASCULAR TISSUE

A
  • plant cell
  • transports water & nutrients in the plant
  • xylem
  • phloem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

XYLEM

A
  • transports water and minerals
  • two types of conducting cells:
    tracheid - elongated cells - oblique & tapering end walls
    vessel element - long tubes - open at each end & joined end to end to form tubes
  • both conducting cells are hollow & NON-LIVING
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

PHLOEM

A
  • transports sucrose & other organic compounds
  • composed of seive tube elements - have a cytoplasm but does not have nucleus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

TYPES OF TISSUES
(animal cells)

A
  • epithelial tissues
  • connective tissue
  • nervous tissue
  • muscular tissues
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

EPITHELIAL TISSUES

A
  • tightly packed cells that form continuous layers
  • covers body surface
  • lines cavities from glands
  • functions: secretion, absorption, excretion, filtration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

TYPES OF EPITHELIAL TISSUES

A
  • simple epithelial tissue
  • stratified epithelial tissue
  • glandular epithelial tissue
23
Q

SIMPLE EPITHELIAL TISSUE

A
  • made up of SINGLE LAYER of cells
  • classification - based on shape of cells
  • types: squamous, cuboidal, columnar
24
Q

SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIA

A
  • thin & flattened cells
  • linings of blood vessels & air sacs of lungs
25
Q

SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIA

A
  • box-shaped cells
  • linings of kidney tubules & organs where reabsorption of mineral & substance takes place
26
Q

SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIA

A
  • resemble rectangular pillars
  • nuclei is located near the bottom of each cell
  • lining of digestive tract - efficiently absorb nutrients
  • lining of oviducts - propelling egg towards the uterus
27
Q

STRATIFIED EPITHELIAL TISSUE

A
  • TWO OR MORE layers of cells
  • nose, mouth, esophagus, anal canal, & vagina
  • keratinized - strength
28
Q

GLANDULAR EPITHELIAL TISSUE

A
  • secrete molecules
  • unicellular or multicellular
  • unicellelar glandular epithelium - single epithelial cell
  • multicellular glandular epithelium - cluster of epithelial cells
29
Q

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

A
  • most abundant & distributed tissue
  • supports, connects, & separates different tissues & organs
  • ground substance & fibers make up the extracellular matrix (ECM)
30
Q

TYPES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE

A
  • loose
  • dense

SPECIAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE
- reticular connective tissue
- cartilage
- bone
- blood
- adipose tissue

31
Q

LOOSE CONENCTIVE TISSUE

A
  • most widely distributed tissue
  • equal number of cells, fibers, & ground substance
  • linings of organs - lungs, arteries, & urinary bladder
  • allows organs to expand
32
Q

DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

A
  • contains collagens that are packed together
  • has fewer cells & ECM is densely packed with collagen fibers
  • tendons & ligaments
33
Q

RETICULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

A
  • special connective tissue
  • produced by modified fiborblasts - reticular cells
  • supports different organs - ex: lymphoid
  • bone marrow, lymph nodes, & spleen
34
Q

CARTILAGE

A
  • special connective tissue
  • non-vascular tissue
  • connects bones to joints
  • found in the walls of upper respiratory airways & external ear
  • principal cell - CHONDROCYTES
  • cells lie in the small chambers called LACUNAE
  • 3 types: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, & fibrocartilage
35
Q

BONE

A
  • special connective tissue
  • cells within the extracellular matrix of fibers (collagen I) & ground substances
  • consists of different kinds of cells: osteoblast, osteocytes, & osteoclasts
36
Q

OSTEOBLAST

A

bone forming

37
Q

OSTECYTES

A

bone absorbing - breakdown (bone) & deposit calcium in blood

38
Q

OSTEOCLASTS

A
  • matured cells located in lacunae of the bones
39
Q

BLOOD

A
  • fluid connective tissue located in blood vessels
  • consists of formed elements & plasma
  • 3 blood cells: erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes
40
Q

EURYTHROCYTES

A
  • red blood cells
41
Q

LEUKROCYTES

A
  • white blood cells
42
Q

THROMBOCYTES

A
  • platelets
43
Q

ADIPOSE TISSUE

A
  • primary energy reservoir
  • cells filled with lipids - ADIPOCYTES
  • number of adipocytes in each individual is fixed
  • white fat - rich in mitochondria
  • brown fat - causes thermogenesis (heat production)
44
Q

NERVOUS TISSUE

A
  • 2 principal cells: neurons & neuroglia
45
Q

NEURONS

A
  • aka nerve cells
  • specialized in containing 3 parts: dendrites, cell body, axon
46
Q

DENDRITES

A
  • neurons
  • sends signal toward the cell body
47
Q

CELL BODY

A
  • neurons
  • contains cytoplasm & nucleus of neutron
48
Q

AXON

A
  • nerve impulses from cell body to synapse
49
Q

NEUROGLIA

A
  • supporting cells
  • provides support & nourishment to neurons
50
Q

MUSCULAR TISSUE

A
  • contain cells called muscle fibers which compromised of ACTIN & MYOSIN filaments - movement of animals
  • types: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle
51
Q

SKELETAL MUSCLE

A
  • striated cells with multiple nuclei
  • muscles attached to skeleton
  • voluntary movement of the body
52
Q

SMOOTH MUSCLE

A
  • spindle-shaped cells with single nucleus
  • no striations
  • involuntary
  • walls of digestive tract & blood vessels
53
Q

CARDIAC MUSCLE

A
  • heart
  • branching striated cells with single nucleus
  • wall of the heart
  • involuntary
  • contraction pumps blood & responsible for heartbeat

General Biology - 1st Quarter (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions