MODULE 4 - enhancing movement

Question 1

what are the characteristics and effects of deliberate practice

Answer 1

• increasing performance
• long term gains
• not fun
• structured

Question 2

what are the characteristics and effects of deliberate play

Answer 2

• intrinsic motivation
• immediate gratification
• enjoyment
• unsupervised

Question 3

what should we practice

Answer 3

• information (preception)
• movement (action)

Question 4

what should practice content reflect (environment)

Answer 4

the performance environment (representative learning)

Question 5

how should the difficulty of practice be modified

Answer 5

to meet the demands of the task for the learner optimally

Question 6

what are the three skill development and training stages

Answer 6

• coordination training (movement coordination)
• skill adaptability training (adapting and learning)
• performance training (performance optimisation)

Question 7

what does an emerging research field suggest we should be doing post practice to consolidate learning

Answer 7

ideally REM sleep within 4-6 hours post practice

Question 8

what % of NZ’ers agree being active is very important for physical health and what % for mental and emotional wellbeing

Answer 8

91% = physical health
88% = mental and emotional

Question 9

motivation for physical activity comes from outcome ……… and ……….

Answer 9

outcome expectations and outcome realisation

Question 10

what are the two outcome expectations and what are the influenced by

Answer 10

outcome expectations influenced by = when the outcomes will be achieved

• proximal = occur during or shortly after exercise
• distal = expected days or months after continued exercise

Question 11

what are outcome realisations (3)

Answer 11

surprised pessimist = low expectations, high experienced outcomes

optimistic realist = high expectations, experienced outcomes

disappointed optimist = high expectations, low experienced outcomes

Question 12

two types of motivation and their outcomes

Answer 12

autonomous motivation = physical activity adherence

controlled motivation = short term adoption of physical activity

Question 13

how to build confidence for people trying to be physically active

Answer 13

• create accomplishments
• provide supportive feedback
• create situations where they can see others being successful

Question 14

does exercise have to hurt to be worthwhile

Answer 14

no

Question 15

what are common lab measurements for external forces, motion and muscle activity

Answer 15

ground reaction forces
linear and angular movements
joint torques / moments

Question 16

what are common lab measurements for cardiovascular activity

Answer 16

• respiratory gases
• heart rate

Question 17

what is force equal to

Answer 17

mass x acceleration

Question 18

what do gyroscopes measure and where are they used

Answer 18

rates of rotation = used in smartphones

Question 19

what does a photoplethysmography measure and how

Answer 19

indirect measure of heart rate, blood oxygen saturation

• light reflects of skin and measured by sensor
• heart rate inferred from blood flow through measured region

Question 20

what are IMUs

Answer 20

they attach to limbs and can measure limb kinematics

Question 21

what are the advantages to motion capture (IMUs)

Answer 21

• less expensive
• more ecologically valid
• less intrusive
• faster set up

Question 22

what are the diadvantages to motion capture (IMUs)

Answer 22

• external forces not measured = can not calculate joint torques
• segment orientations difficult to dtermine

Question 23

what are the advantages to using smart wearables

Answer 23

• give reasonably good indication of PA
• can increase physical activity in sedentary
• can be motivating
• document and measure your experiences

Question 24

what are the diadvantages to using smart wearables

Answer 24

• can be expensive
• can lead to extrinsic motivation
• beholden to device

Question 25

what is technique analysis and what does it traditionally involve

Answer 25

an application of biomechanics
kinematics = the study of motion

traditionally = involves qualitative analysis with basic equipment (becoming more quantitative)

Question 26

what is notational analysis

Answer 26

an objective method of describing and recording game events

Question 27

what does notational analysis involve

Answer 27

• evaluate game strategy and tactics
• discover new strategies
• assess physiological demands of the game

Question 28

why has workload analysis become popular

Answer 28

with the introduction of GPS

Question 29

what does sport science (specifically biomechanics) provide us with

Answer 29

tools to measure and analyse the quality of movement

Question 30

what are the 6 key considerations about enhancing movement

Answer 30

• assess dont guess
• data-informed decisions
• focus on function
• validity is vital
• quality of quantity
• integrate, dont isolate

Question 31

what is meant by focus on function in enhancing movement

Answer 31

develop effective and efficient movement strategies that enhance movement and mitigates injury risk

Question 32

what is meant by validity is vital in enhancing movement

Answer 32

any claims about an athletes performance or new training method are backed up by robust evidence

Question 33

what is meant by integrate don’t isolate in enhancing movement

Answer 33

we must combine quantitative measurements with qualitative observations to get a holistic understanding of an athletes performance