Module 4.2 Flashcards

Question

sweep netting

Answer 1

catching invertebrates walk through habitat with net empty contents onto white sheet to count them used in low vegetation that is not too woody

Answer 2

collect animals before they fly away so you can count them

Answer 3

small animals small container buried in the soil, animals moving on the soil surface will fall into the container water or paper at bottom to stop animals crawling out shelter in rainy weather so it does not fill up

Answer 4

number of polymorphic gene loci / total number of loci

Answer 5

human population growth agriculture climate changes

Answer 6

as the population grows we demand more food and goods using resources destroy habitats pollution

Answer 7

species with less genetic variation are less able to adapt as the climate changes they will have to move to a climate they are more suited for e.g. slow migration domesticated plants and animals are specifically at risk as they are bred to provide the best yield in specific conditions and wont be able to adapt because of their low genetic variation

Answer 8

clearing vegetation reduces biodiversity, species has less capacity to adapt to changes farming use monoculture and selective breeding o less genetic biodiversity

Answer 9

protecting keystone species (interdependence of organisms) maintaining genetic resource

Answer 10

species which have a disproportionate effect on their environment relative to their abundance. decline of keystone species will have a dramatic effect on the environment

Answer 11

ecosystems are complex and species depend on each other. All organisms in a habitat are linked when one species is affected it will affect other species

Answer 12

biodiversity decline means genetic diversity also declines wild plants and animals could hold answers to climate change problems as they have had thousands of years to evolve to the changing environment. selection and breeding could allow us to make breeds that can cope with climate change new vaccines and medicines could also be found from plants

Answer 13

reducing soil depletion (continuous monoculture)

Answer 14

soils subject to continuous monoculture become less and less fertile resulting in agricultural decline. the crop takes minerals out of the soil and when the crop is harvested the minerals are taken out of the ecosystem. in monoculture the same minerals are taken every time so the effects are more drastic

Answer 15

protecting landscapes

Answer 16

reducing biodiversity exposes soil and changes landscapes deforestation leads to flooding we experience joy and wellbeing when observing nature

Answer 17

active management to maintain biodiversity in the natural environment

Answer 18

marine conservation zones wildlife reserves

Answer 19

designated areas to conserve habitats and species

Answer 20

conserved in natural environment facilitates scientific research possible to improve and restore ecological integrity permanent protection of biodiversity, ecosystems and cultural heritage

Answer 21

endangered habitats may be fragmented and small areas may not be able to survive populations may already have little genetic diversity conditions endangering habitat may still be present

Answer 22

conserving endangered species by activities that take place outside its normal habitat

Answer 23

seed banks botanic gardens zoos

Answer 24

breeding endangered species conducting research to benefit endangered species reproductive technology

Answer 25

increase numbers of individual plants bred plants can be replanted in the wild

Answer 26

collection of seed samples can be used for crops disease resistant crops habitat reclamation

Answer 27

organisms protected from poaching and predators monitoring and health assistance selective breeding to increase genetic diversity conservation sites used to raise money and educate

Answer 28

captive populations have limited genetic diversity exposed to diseases correct environment difficult to achieve plants are harder to get funding for behaviour may be different making reproduction difficult difficult to reintroduce into the wild

Answer 29

Rio convention on biological diversity conservation of biological diversity appropriate shared access to genetic resource sharing of scientific knowledge and technology

Answer 30

convention of international trade in endangered species of wild fauna and flora regulates and monitors trade in specific plants and animals ensures trade does not endanger wild populations prohibits trade in wild plants for commercial purpose

Answer 31

countryside stewardship scheme payments made to farmers and land managers to enhance and conserve English landscapes grants for capital works e.g. hedge laying and planting improve natural beauty and diversity of the countryside enhance and restore landscapes their wildlife and habitats

Module 4.2 Flashcards

Biodiversity