Module 5

Question 1

Incontinance

Answer 1

involuntary loss of urine severe enough to cause social problems and/or skin problems

Question 2

Stress Incontance

Answer 2

inability to retian urine when laughing, coughing, sneezing, etc. due to weakened pelvic floor muscles

Question 3

Changes to the pelvic floor occurs from…

Answer 3

pregnancy, childbirth, menopause

Question 4

Overactive Bladder

Answer 4

sudden intense urge to urinate followed by an involuntary loss of urine - problem w/ “signal”

Question 5

Overflow Incontinance

Answer 5

unable to empty bladder leading to over distention
bladder reaches MAX capacity and urine leaks out

Question 6

Functional Incontinance

Answer 6

physical or mental impairment prevents toileting in time (ex. arthritis - unable to dress)

Question 7

Transient Incontinance

Answer 7

incontinance resulting from a temporary condition and usually resolves when condition resolves.

Question 8

Overflow Incontinance can cause…

Answer 8

bladder damage, urethral block, nerve damage

Question 9

Reflex Incontinance

Answer 9

caused by trauma or damage to nervous system -> involuntary bladder contractions (MS or spinal cord injury)

Question 10

Urinary Tract Infection

Answer 10

when bacteria has moved up the urinary tract from external urethra to the BLADDER

Question 11

What is most common bacteria to cause UTI

Answer 11

E. Coli

Question 12

What can UTI lead to

Answer 12

pyelonephritis (kidney) or urosepsis

Question 13

Recognized Cues of UTI

Answer 13

urgency, frequency, dysuria, hematuria, smelly pee, flank pain

Question 14

Symptom of UTI in eldery

Answer 14

confusion

Question 15

Pyelonephritis

Answer 15

bacterial infection that starts in bladder and moves up to the kidney

Question 16

What is most common bacteria to cause Pyelonephritis

Answer 16

E. Coli

Question 17

Recognized Cues of Pylenophritis

Answer 17

CVA tenderness
fever
other UTI symptoms

Question 18

Glomerulonephritis (GN)

Answer 18

inflammatory of the glomeri meaning the filtering of the blood cannot take place (typically affect both kidney)

Question 19

GN can lead to…

Answer 19

Chronic kidney disease

Question 20

Recognized Cues of GN

Answer 20

tea colored pee
fluid overload (hypervolemia) from retention

Question 21

GN can develop after…

Answer 21

strep infection

Question 22

Nephrolithiasis

Answer 22

renal calculi (kidney stone)

Question 23

Recognized Cues of Nethrolithiasis

Answer 23

usually asymptomatic
- renal colic (spasm)
- flank pain
- oliguria -> anuria

Question 24

Acute Kidney Disease (AKI)

Answer 24

rapid reduction on kidney function - failure to maintain waste elimination and electrolyte balance

Question 25

Causes of AKI

Answer 25

damage to kidney tissue, obstruction of urine flow, NSAIDS

Question 26

Oligo-Anuria Phase of AKI

Answer 26

lack of urine means body is retaining fluid = fluid overload

Question 27

Diuretic Phase of AKI

Answer 27

increased urine output dehydration hypotension

Question 28

Risk Factors of AKI

Answer 28

dehydration, hypotension, shock

Question 29

What is a marker of kidney damange

Answer 29

albumin in the urine

Question 30

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

Answer 30

gradual irreversable loss of kidney function due to damage of nephrons

Question 31

What is GFR

Answer 31

Glomuler Filtration Rate shows how well kidneys are filtering

Question 32

Risk Factors of CKD

Answer 32

family history, diabetes, hypertension (destroys nephrons), renal disease, lupus, smoking

Question 33

Bladder Cancer Risk Factors

Answer 33

cigarettes, older med, recurrent UTI

Question 34

Clinical Manifestations of Bladder Cancer

Answer 34

PAINLESS HEMATURIA, abnormal urine color

Question 35

Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH)

Answer 35

prostate gland enlarges and puts pressure on bladder - leads to outlet obstruction

Question 36

Clinical Manifestations of BPH

Answer 36

urinary retention, leaking, or incontinence weak stream, difficulty initiating urination, dribble

Question 37

Breast Cancer originates...

Answer 37

glandular cells of ducts or lobules

Question 38

Clinical Manifestation of Breast Cancer

Answer 38

dimpling nodule is hard and uneven edge nipple discharge

Question 39

Endometriosis

Answer 39

endometrium begins growing in areas outside uterus - during menstration blood becomes stuck and irritates tissue

Question 40

Clinical Manifestations of Endometriosis

Answer 40

pain, cysts, adhesions/scarring, infertility

Question 41

Polycystic Ovary Syndrom (PCOS)

Answer 41

ovary enlarges and contains numerous cysts caused by hormone and endocrine abnormalities

Question 42

Clinical Manifestations of PCOS

Answer 42

amnorrhea (no menstrual blood) excess androgen

Question 43

Uterine Prolapse

Answer 43

descent of uterus or cervix into vagina because of condition that stretch or weaken the pelvic support

Question 44

Cystocele

Answer 44

bladder protrudes into anterior wall of vagina

Question 45

Rectocele

Answer 45

rectum protrudes into posterior wall of vagina

Question 46

Testicular Torsion

Answer 46

abnormal rotation of testes on spermatic cord

Question 47

Genital Herpes is caused by

Answer 47

Herpes Simplex Virus (Type 2)

Question 48

Genital Herpes

Answer 48

characterized by periodic recurrent episodes of erythematous lesions (vesicles) on genitals and reproductive tract

Question 49

Most reported STI

Answer 49

Chlamydia

Question 50

Clinical Manifestations of Chlamydia

Answer 50

SILENT STI postcoital bleeding, testicular pain, dysuria, vaginal/penile discharge

Question 51

What STI is most resistant to antibiotic

Answer 51

Gonorrhea

Question 52

"clap"

Answer 52

Gonorrhea

Question 53

Who is more likely to experience symptoms with Gonorrhea

Answer 53

men