Module 5 - association cortexes Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is the primary sensory cortex responsible for?
Identifies where the sense came from and what the sense is.
What is the primary motor cortex responsible for?
It triggers and executes movement commands. It generates movement and activates the correct muscles.
What is the function of the unimodal association cortex?
It is responsible for the processing of higher level processing for one modality. It is located in areas adjacent to the primary cortex, and only processes information specific to a primary cortex.
What is the function of the heteromodal association cortex?
It integrates many sensory modalities from multiple sources and functions.
What is the function of the premotor cortex?
It is responsible for stimulation of multiple joints of the same limb, and the preparation of voluntary movements.
i.e. the ‘set’ part of ‘ready, set, go’
What is the function of the supplementary motor area?
It is involved in the planning and execution of complex movements and bilateral coordination of movements. It has direct influence on proximal muscles, and slight influence on distal muscles.
What is the function of the somatosensory association cortex?
It gives meaning to the sensation.
What is agnosia?
A loss of knowledge or understanding.
i.e. astereognosis: unable to process what objects are by touch
What is the function of the parietal association cortex?
It’s heteromodal, and integrates visual, somatosensory, vestibular, and auditory inputs. It relays information to the motor association area.
What is the dominant (left) hemisphere responsible for?
Language, directions, musical ability, skilled motor formulation (praxis).
What is apraxia?
Damage to the motor association area or the parietal cortex on the dominant hemisphere resulting in an inability to perform complex sequences of movements. Especially prominent when working with tools or interacting with the environment.
What is the non-dominant (right) hemisphere responsible for?
Visual spatial analysis and spatial attention.
What is hemi-spatial neglect?
A lack of attention of one side - a result of right parietal cortex damage. Affects primarily the left space (contralateral to the lesion).
For a patient with a right parietal lesion, what would be the result of a double simultaneous stimulation test?
The patient can detect sensation when individual sides are provoked, but will only attend to the right side when both sides are provoked at the same time.
What is conceptual neglect?
When imagining a known place (i.e. the piazza example), the buildings on the left side are neglected (north direction).
They are not forgotten, as when the patient is asked to imagine the piazza from the other side (south direction), the previously neglected buildings are identified, and the previously identified buildings are neglected.
What is anosognosia?
When there is no awareness of the side with the hemi-neglect or hemiplegia.
What is hemiasomatognosia?
When limbs are ‘disowned’, and the patient does not recognize their limbs as their own.
What is dressing apraxia?
Due to right parietal cortex damage. When patients neglect to dress the left side of their body.
What is alien hand?
Due to damage to the corpus collosum and/or the supplementary motor area of the non-dominant hemisphere. The hand will act autonomously, out of control, and against intentions.
