Module 5 Homework & Quizzes

Question 1

Sesamoid bones are found embedded in ________.

Answer 1

tendons

Question 2

Bones grow in length due to activity in the ________.

Answer 2

epiphyseal plate

Question 3

The first type of bone to form during fracture repair is ________ bone.

Answer 3

spongy

Question 4

Which of the following hormones are responsible for the adolescent growth spurt?

Answer 4

estrogen and testosterone

Question 5

Without red marrow, bones would not be able to ________.

Answer 5

make blood cells

Question 6

Wolff’s law, which describes the effect of mechanical forces in bone modeling/remodeling, would predict that ________

Answer 6

a right-handed pitcher will have thicker bones in his right arm compared to his left.

Question 7

Bones grow in diameter due to bone formation ________.

Answer 7

beneath the periosteum

Question 8

In a compound fracture, ________.

Answer 8

broken bone pierces the skin

Question 9

Which cells do not originate from osteogenic cells?

Answer 9

osteoclasts

Question 10

Which of the following is most likely to be released when blood calcium levels are elevated?

Answer 10

calcitonin

Question 11

Bones that surround the spinal cord are classified as ________ bones.

Answer 11

irregular

Question 12

Most of the bones of the arms and hands are long bones; however, the bones in the wrist are categorized as ________.

Answer 12

short bones

Question 13

Calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine if ________ is lacking.

Answer 13

vitamin D

Question 14

How can a fractured diaphysis release fat globules into the bloodstream?

Answer 14

The yellow marrow in the diaphysis is exposed and damaged.

Question 15

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of zones in the epiphyseal plate?

Answer 15

calcification, maturation, proliferation, reserved

Question 16

When calcium levels are too high or too low, which body system is primarily affected?

Answer 16

nervous system

Question 17

Why is cartilage slow to heal?

Answer 17

because it does not have a blood supply

Question 18

The diaphysis contains ________.

Answer 18

fat stores

Question 19

Which of the following bones is (are) formed by intramembranous ossification?

Answer 19

the flat bones of the cranium

Question 20

A fracture can be both ________.

Answer 20

open and transverse

Question 21

Which category of bone is among the most numerous in the skeleton?

Answer 21

Long bones

Question 22

Which of the following are only found in cancellous bone?

Answer 22

trabeculae

Question 23

Which of the following occurs in the spongy bone of the epiphysis?

Answer 23

hematopoiesis

Question 24

All of the following play a role in calcium homeostasis except

Answer 24

thyroxine

Question 25

Which of the following can be found in areas of movement?

Answer 25

cartilage

Question 26

Why are osteocytes spread out in bone tissue?

Answer 26

Formation of osteoid spreads out the osteoblasts that formed the ossification centers.

Question 27

The fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of the bone is the ________.

Answer 27

periosteum

Question 28

The internal and external calli are replaced by ________.

Answer 28

trabecular bone

Question 29

The skeletal system is made of ________.

Answer 29

bones and cartilage

Question 30

Long bones enable body movement by acting as a ________.

Answer 30

lever

Question 31

Which one of the following foods is best for bone health?

Answer 31

leafy green vegetables

Question 32

In endochondral ossification, what happens to the chondrocytes?

Answer 32

They die in the calcified matrix that surrounds them and form the medullary cavity.

Question 33

The area of a bone where the nutrient foramen passes forms what kind of bone marking?

Answer 33

a hole

Question 34

Yellow marrow has been identified as ________.

Answer 34

an area of fat storage

Question 35

With respect to their direct effects on osseous tissue, which pair of hormones has actions that oppose each other?

Answer 35

calcitonin and parathyroid hormone

Question 36

Sesamoid bones are found embedded in ________.

Answer 36

tendons

Question 37

A canal or tubelike passage in bone would be a/an:

Answer 37

meatus

Question 38

The cell responsible for secreting the bone matrix is:

Answer 38

osteoblasts

Question 39

Cartilage grows in two ways, appositional and interstitial. Appositional growth is ________.

Answer 39

the secretion of new matrix against existing cartilage

Question 40

Appositional growth:

Answer 40

occurs when cartilage-forming cells secrete new matrix against the external face of the existing cartilage tissue.

Question 41

Which occurs first in bone repair?

Answer 41

hematoma formation

Question 42

Osteocytes maintain contact with the blood vessels of the central canal through:

Answer 42

canalculli

Question 43

The bones of the fingers and toes (phalanges) are categorized as _____ bones.

Answer 43

long

Question 44

Which hormone increases osteoclast activity to release more calcium ions into the bloodstream?

Answer 44

parathyroid hormone

Question 45

In the epiphyseal plate, cartilage grows ________.

Answer 45

NOT from the epiphysis toward the diaphysis