Module 5 - Mitosis

Question 1

Cell division is also called

Answer 1

cell multiplication

Question 2

Cell division starts with interphase, which has three subphases: ,, and _..

Answer 2

G1, S, and G2

Question 3

Cell division starts with _, which has three subphases: G1, S, and G2.

Answer 3

Interphase

Question 4

Then, _ follows with the next four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Answer 4

Mitosis

Question 5

Then, mitosis follows with the next four phases: _, _, _, and _.

Answer 5

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase

Question 6

_ are found in different stages of cell division. These monitor cell division, ensuring its smooth process.

Answer 6

Checkpoints

Question 7

In interphase, G stands for _ because it was initially believed that nothing significant was happening at this stage.

Answer 7

gap

Question 8

There’s several important processes taking place in the cell in preparation for mitosis. In G1, the cell synthesizes _ and _, which are needed for chromosome replication.

Answer 8

mRNA and proteins

Question 9

In G1, the cell synthesizes mRNA and proteins, which are needed for _.

Answer 9

chromosome replication

Question 10

Two checkpoints in G1

Answer 10

1. G1 DNA-damage checkpoint
2. restriction checkpoint

Question 11

This evaluates the DNA’s integrity. Damaged DNA results in the accumulation of p53 proteins that can trigger either cell cycle arrest or apoptosis.

Answer 11

G1 DNA-damage checkpoint

Question 12

These are tumor-suppressing proteins that help in regulating the cell cycle.

Answer 12

p53 proteins

Question 13

p53 proteins are also called

Answer 13

TP53

Question 14

A process of programmed cell death. Thus, DNA with irreparable damage does not proceed to the next phase.

Answer 14

Apoptosis

Question 15

Evaluates the cell’s capability to undergo cell division. If the cell is ready, it will proceed to the S phase.

Answer 15

restriction checkpoint

Question 16

If the cell in G1 is ready, it will proceed to the?

Answer 16

S phase

Question 17

If the cell isn’t ready, the cell goes to?

Answer 17

G0

Question 18

Cells in G0 are either_ or _.

Answer 18

quiescent (dormant) or senescent (aging or deteriorating)

Question 19

These cells may go back to cell division with the proper stimulus.

Answer 19

Quiescent

Question 20

One reason cells become _ is due to damaged DNA.

Answer 20

Senescent

Question 21

In this phase, chromosomes are replicated. This means that there is twice the actual DNA now present in the cell.

Answer 21

S (synthesis) phase

Question 22

Each chromosome consists of _.

Answer 22

two chromatids

Question 23

This is one copy of a newly copied chromosome.

Answer 23

chromatid

Question 24

The chromosomes will become visible only in? At this point, you will not be able to see the chromosomes during an ordinary light microscope.

Answer 24

prophase

Question 25

This monitors the replication process during this phase.

Answer 25

S DNA-damage checkpoint

Question 26

At this point, the cell rapidly grows and protein synthesis continues.

Answer 26

G2 Phase

Question 27

This ensures that DNA synthesis is complete before proceeding to mitosis.

Answer 27

unreplicated DNA checkpoint

Question 27

This checks activities in G2 to ensure its proper flow.

Answer 27

G2 DNA-damage checkpoint