MODULE 5 Virtue Ethics Flashcards
He is the father and physician to King Philip of Macedonia (father of Alexander the great)
Nichomachus
His work Nicomachean Ethics was the first systematic treatment of ethics in western civilization.
Aristotle
What is the principle of Aristotle
“We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a
habit.
Give the three kinds of telos
- Instrumental Ends
- Final Ends
- Supreme Ends
those used to attain something apart from itself, like money to buy goods, and goods in return to satisfy one’s hunger
Instrumental Ends
those found at the end of the chain of cause and effect, such as satisfaction of hunger, with reference to the previous example. However, these ends can still be trampled by other ends, and when such conflict arises, the third kind emerges to settle the dispute
Final Ends
those considered to be unconditionally final or chosen for their own sake and nothing else.
Supreme Ends
Give the two kinds of virtues
- Intellectual Virtue
- Moral Virtue
–> those aligned with academic excellence, pursuit of knowledge, comprehension of theoretical, abstract, and universal ideas
–> feeding of the mind
Intellectual Virtue
–> the character we project or act upon
–> feeding of the soul
Moral Virtue
It reflects the ancient assumption that humans have a fixed nature - an essence - and that the way we
flourish is by adhering to that nature.
Virtue Theory
It entails that everything has a function and a thing is good to the extent that it fulfills its function, and bad to the extent that it does not.
Proper Functioning
–> a function of a knife is to cut so a dull (purol) knife is a bad knife
–> a function of a flower is to grow and reproduce, so a flower that does not do that is just bad at being a flower
Proper Functioning
What are the two categories Aristotle stated where our actions fall?
Virtues and Vices
to have too much or too little of a particular emotion
Vice
