Module 5.3 Diseases of the Lymphatic and Immune Systems Flashcards
(22 cards)
What do you call each person’s genetically unique surface cell receptor?
MHC (major histocompatibility complex)
What is the purpose of MHC?
enables immune system to determine which cells are body’s and which foreign, and also have a way of displaying through the complex of something abnormal inside of cell
What is graft rejection?
rejection of transplanted organ/tissue from another person (who is not identical twin), because the MHC is recognized as foreign pathogen
What are immunosuppresant drugs? What are the side effects?
suppresses immune system so body doesn’t reject the organ transplant, but it makes person more suseptible to disease
How do Killer T cells use the MHC complex?
recognize and destroy invading cells through this self or not-self recognition of the MHC complexes on each cell
What is an autoimmune disease?
when lymphocytes attack a person’s own body, T-cells and antibodies attack body’s own tissues
What occurs in the disease process of RA?
rheumatoid arthritis, T-cells attacks the synovial lining inside joints, they produce interleukins which cause inflammation
What occurs in the disease process of MS?
multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease where antibodies attack and/or prevent the formation of myelin sheath around nerve cells, resulting in muscular weakness
What are allergens?
mild antigens, typically common environmental factors, such as pollen or dust mites.
allergic reaction
incovenient/excessive immune response where antibodies are produced against mild antigens, mostly mild, but can causea anaphylaxis
What are some common allergic reactions to mild environmental factors?
generally include red/watery eyes, sneezing, runny nose, and headaches.
What is anaphylaxis?
severe, life-threatening allergic reaction against a pathogen, insect bite, or drug.antibodies are overproduced by B-cells, circulate and increase capillary permeability throughout the body, causing symptoms within minutes
Hives are_____.
raised red bumps, can be symptom of anaphylaxis
What is another symptom of anaphylaxis?
narrowed respiratory pathways, causing difficulty breathing
What is anaphylactic shock?
a person’s capillaries become so dilated it causes their blood pressure to drop too low, leading to collapse. Death can occur because the heart stops beating or the airway passages completely close
The EpiPen releases the hormone_______.
epinephrine
How does an EpiPen work?
injected into the thigh to release the hormone epinephrine into the bloodstream. helps to offset the symotims by constricting blood vessels and raising blood pressure.
edema
localized swelling caused from accumulation of fluid in tissues
What is lymphedema?
form of edema caused from the lymphatic system not functioning properly to return fluid back to the circulatory system
What can cause lymphedema?
block lymph vessel or removed lymph node can cause difficulty with lymph drainage
Why can lymphedema become a serious condition?
the swollen tissues are vulnerable to infection and if left untreated the the connective tissues and vessels become permanently stretched and distended
What is tonsillitis?
inflammatiA1:B22on of the tonsils, appear white and swollen from a viral or bacterial infection.
