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Equipment > Module 6 > Flashcards

Module 6 Flashcards

1
Q

No worker should be exposed to halogenated concentrations greater than

A

2ppm; 0.5ppm with nitrous oxide & no more than 25ppm of nitrous oxide based on a time weighted 8 hour average

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2
Q

Is there a universal standard for waste gas exposure?

A

No

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3
Q

What happens when there is no attempt to scavenge gases like nitrous?

A

Is found at 400-600ppm & there is 5-10ppm of halogenated agents

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4
Q

How are standards of scavenged gases met?

A

Providing a leakage of 2.5L every 5 min of nitrous

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5
Q

What are the 5 sources of gas contamination?

A

APL Valve

Anesthesia Machine

Ventilator

Exhaled Gases

Anesthetic Technique

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6
Q

In a non rebreathing system, large volumes of anesthetic gases are discharged through what?

A

The relief valve

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7
Q

In a high pressure system (anesthesia machine), what is the range of nitrous oxide?

A

26-750 PSI

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8
Q

Leaks are common from

A

Defective connectors or tank yolks

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9
Q

Quick connectors are easily

A

Brokendown & leak easier

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10
Q

This gas leaks due to normal wear & tear and due to absorbent granules impeding the seal

A

Carbon Dioxide

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11
Q

The higher the pressure in the breathing circuit, the

A

More gas can escape through a leak

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12
Q

Where is an area where exhaled anesthetics can accumulate?

A

PACU; concentrations as high has 10ppm

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13
Q

What is a list of things that can cause a leak?

A

Anesthesia Technique

Turing on Vaporizer & Flow Meters

Preparing the patient

Poorly fitted face mask/LMA

Disconnection

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14
Q

The sampling line of the anesthesia circuit draws in

A

1-300mL of gas/min

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15
Q

How many exchanges are recommended per hour in the OR?

A

15/hour

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16
Q

How is the air removed in the OR?

A

Recirculating ventilation filters & recirculates, which can affect the distribution of airborne particles, creating turbulence

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17
Q

What are the 4 properties of the scavenging systems?

A
  1. Relief Valves
  2. Conducting Tubing
  3. Scavenging Interface
  4. Disposal Linee
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18
Q

What are the 2 types of scavenging systems?

A

Active & Passive

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19
Q

What is the flow of gas ini passive systems?

A

Flows under their own pressure

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20
Q

What is the flow of gas ini active systems?

A

Negative pressure is applied & gas is sucked away

21
Q

Joint commission requires all waste gases to be

A

Actively scavenged

22
Q

When the ventilator is off, how does scavenging gases leave?

A

Via APL valve

23
Q

When the ventilator is on, how does scavenging gases leave?

A

Via ventilator pressure relief valve

24
Q

The exhaust port is how big?

A

19mm male

25
Q

In the interface system, where are the relief valves located?

A

Between the breathing circuit & the hospital vacuum to protect the patient from negative pressure caused by suction or from positive pressure

26
Q

Interface systems can either be

A

Closed or Open reservoir

27
Q

What happens when vacuum system is insufficient?

A

Build up within the reservoir causing the positive pressure relief valve to open, ventilating waste gas into the room

28
Q

Valves are set to open at what cm of water

A

10

29
Q

What acts as a visual indicator of the scavenging system function?

A

Reservoir bag

30
Q

What happens if the hospital generates too much negative pressure

A

The pop off or sub-atmospheric relief valve will open & allow air to be drawn into the reservoir

31
Q

Open reservoir scavenging. system is _________& uses relief ports that are open to the atmosphere

A

valveless, avoiding positive & negative

32
Q

Where is the gas sampling port

A

Typically comes from the Y port

33
Q

Name 2 places waste gas should go

A

Conducted to waste gas scavenging Returned gas to breathing system for scavenging

34
Q

When should scavenging system be checked?

A

With abnormal pressures

35
Q

What happens with inadequate ventilation

A

Oxygen can build up & when combined with heat & fuel could cause a fire

36
Q

Reasons for scavenging mishaps

A

User error

Incorrect connection

Negative pressure relief valve can fail t open

Exhaust port can be occluded

37
Q

Does the ASA demand routine monitoring when regular maintenance/daily checks

A

No

38
Q

What are the recommendations for waste gas

A
  1. Scavenging
    2.Appropriate work practices
  2. Education
39
Q

What variables determine the reduction in waste anesthetic gases in the OR?

A
  1. Room ventilation
  2. Anesthesia equipment conditions
  3. Scavenging effectiveness
  4. User techniques
40
Q

The scavenging interface can be either

A

Open or Closed

41
Q

What is the most important component of the scavenger system?

A

The interface between the breathing circuit & wall suction

42
Q

Closed interface depends on the

A

Bag

43
Q

When is closed interface useful?

A

When passive scavenging is used (active required in the US)

44
Q

What is required when using a closed interface system?

A

Must be a way to relieve positive or negative pressure, which is the relief valve ( will be released into the OR)

45
Q

What should be adjusted in the closed system so the scavenging reservoir bag is neither flat nor over distended

A

Suction

46
Q

Since relief valves can fail, what is supplied on all new workstations?

A

An open scavenging interface

47
Q

The open interface is opened to

A

The atmosphere

48
Q

Why is suction important ini open system?

A

If it is inadequate, all waste gases will be released into the OR

49
Q

What is the threshold for smelling volatile agents

A

5-300ppm

Equipment (5 decks)

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