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Periodontology > Module 6 > Flashcards

Module 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Are innocuous bacteria species harmful?

A

NO

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2
Q

A _________ bacteria species CAN cause disease?

A

pathogenic

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3
Q

Gram _______ bacteria stain purple?

A

positive

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4
Q

Gram positive bacteria have a _______ cell membrane?

A

single-thick

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5
Q

Gram negative bacteria have a ______cell membrane?

A

double

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6
Q

What bacteria are associated with healthy periodontium and which are associated with tissue destruction?

A

positive- health

negative- tissue destruction

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7
Q

What is the difference between AEROBIC and ANAEROBIC bacteria?

A

Aerobic- need oxygen to live

Anaerobic- CAN’T live in presence of oxygen

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8
Q

Free floating bacteria are also known as?

A

planktonic

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9
Q

Bacteria that attach to each other as well as to surfaces are said to be living in a?

A

biofilm layer

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10
Q

A biofilm is a _____ film containing a _____ of bacteria?

A

living

community

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11
Q

Biofilm forms more rapidly on what kind of surface?

A

wet

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12
Q

___% of all diseases may be biofilm induced?

A

65%

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13
Q

What are the 3 stages of the biofilm life cycle?

A

Attach
Grow
Detach

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14
Q

A HEALTHY sulcus can have between _____ and _____ bacteria?

A

100

1,000

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15
Q

A HEALTHY sulcus is 75% gram _____ bacteria in what forms?

A

positive

rods and cocci

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16
Q

Does a healthy sulcus have motile or non-motile bacteria?

A

non-motile

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17
Q

A pocket that has GINGIVITIS can have between ______ and ______ bacteria?

A

1,000

100,000

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18
Q

What is the ratio of gram + and - bacteria in a CHRONIC GINGIVITIS sulcus?

A

50/50

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19
Q

A PERIO pocket can have between ______ and _______ bacteria and are ____% Gram negative _____ forms?

A

100,000
100,000,000
74%
motile

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20
Q

There are over _______ bacterial species in a perio pocket?

A

500

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21
Q

What 2 bacteria are known EARLY colonizers of biofilm?

A

Actinomyces Species

Streptococcus Species

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22
Q

Name 5 bacteria associated with PERIO.?

A 
A.A.
Fusobacterium Nucleatum
P. Gingivalis
T. Forsythia
Treponema Denticola
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23
Q

Periodontal Disease is a _______ Infection?

A

mixed bacterial

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24
Q

A. A. bacteria is strongly associated with _______ Perio and destruction of?

A

Aggressive

gingival connective tissue and bone

25
What bacteria has the MOST significant microbial risk factor of Periodontal Disease?
T. Forsythia
26
What Periodontal pathogen is found in low numbers in health and gingivitis also?
P. Gingivalis
27
P. Gingivalis is associated with ______ of a disease and/or _____ of ______ after therapy?
recurrence persistence pockets
28
P. Gingivalis inhibits ______ of _____ which induces an elevated host response?
migration | leukocytes
29
What is the 1st phase of Biofilm Colonization?
Pellicle Formation
30
How fast does pellicle form?
within minutes
31
What is the pellicle composed of?
Salivary Glycoproteins and antibodies
32
What are 2 main functions of the pellicle?
protect tooth from acid (good) | help bacteria adhere to tooth (bad)
33
What is the 2nd phase of biofilm colonization?
Initial attachment of bacteria to pellicle
34
How fast does the initial attachment of bacteria to the pellicle occur? How do the bacteria attach?
few hrs. | by hair like structures called fimbriae
35
What is the 3rd phase of biofilm colonization?
Secondary Colonization
36
What is the 4th phase of biofilm colonization?
Extracellular Slime layer and Micro-colony formation
37
What is the "job" of the extracellular slime layer?
Anchors bacteria to tooth and helps protect the bacteria
38
Microcolony formation grows by what process?
cell division (NOT more bacteria attaching)
39
Microcolony formation results in a bacterial _______
bloom
40
What is the 5th phase of biofilm colonization?
Mature Biofilm
41
Mature Biofilm takes on the shape of a _______ and is attached to the surface by a _______?
``` Mushroom narrow base (pedunculated) ```
42
What influences the SHAPE of biofilm colonies?
Fluid forces of saliva
43
Fluid forces result in "__________" of biofilm which can infect new teeth?
extensions
44
Fluid forces result in cell to cell _____ causing rapid gene _______ and enhancing the ______ and _____ of antimicrobials?
collisions spreading virulence resistance
45
What is the function of a fluid channel?
Bring nutrients and oxygen to the bacteria | Carry waste products away
46
What is Coaggregation?
Cell-to-Cell adherence
47
The 1st bacteria to colonize are important to?
bacterial succession (foundation of biofilm)
48
The primary colonizers are gram ______ bacteria in what form?
positive | cocci
49
Streptococcus Sanguis dominate the bacteria load after ____ hours?
24
50
Gram _______ bacteria in what forms are considered the intermediate colonizers?
positive | rods and cocci
51
T/F Gram - bactera have a GOOD ability to adhere to the tooth?
False- they have to adhere to gram + rods and cocci
52
The bacterial layers closest to the soft tissues contain _____ and _______ types of bacteria?
spirochetes | flagella
53
What bacterias are MOST detrimental to the periodontal tissues? Why?
Tissue-associated biofilm bacteria | They get through epithelium and into connective tissue and alveolar bone!
54
What is the PRIMARY cause of Periodontal Destruction?
Host Response
55
What is the MINOR cause of Periodontal Destruction?
Virulence of the bacteria in biofilm
56
A.A. bacteria release what exotoxin? | Why is this important?
Leukotoxin | helps destroy WBC's
57
SUBgingival biofilm starts to mature between ____ to ______ after SUPRAgingival plaque starts to form?
3-12 wks
58
Bacteria are capable of causing bone loss...However, the alveolar bone has to be less than ______mm away from the biofilm.
3

Periodontology (10 decks)

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