Module #6

Question 1

Absorption

Answer 1

The transport of dissolved substances into a cell

Question 2

Digestion

Answer 2

the breakdown of absorbed substances

Question 3

Respiration

Answer 3

the breakdown of food molecules with release of energy

Question 4

excretion

Answer 4

the removal of soluble waste materials

Question 5

Secrection

Answer 5

the release of bio-synthesized substances

Question 6

movement

Answer 6

locomotion of a cell and things inside cell

Question 7

Irritability

Answer 7

sensing and responding to change

Question 8

Homeostasis

Answer 8

maintaining the status quo

Question 9

Reprocuction

Answer 9

producing more cells

Question 10

cell wall

Answer 10

a rigid structure on the outside of certain cells, usually plant and bacteria cells

Question 11

middle lamella

Answer 11

the thin film between the cell walls of adjacent plant cells

Question 12

plasma membrane

Answer 12

the semipermeable membrane between the cell content and either the cell wall or the cells surroundings.

Question 13

cytoplasm

Answer 13

a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which organelles are suspended

Question 14

Ions

Answer 14

substance sin which at least one atom has an in balanced of protons and electrons

Question 15

Cytoplasmic streaming

Answer 15

the motion of cytoplasm in a cell that results in coordinated movement of the cells contents

Question 16

Mitochondria

Answer 16

the organelles in which nutrients are converted to energy

Question 17

lysosome

Answer 17

the organelle in animal cells responsible for hydrolysis reactions that breakdown proteins, polysaccharides, disaccharides, and some lipids

Question 18

ribosomes

Answer 18

non- membrane- bound organelles responsible for proteins synthesis

Question 19

ER

Answer 19

an organelle composed of an extensive network of folded membranes that performs several tasks with in the cell

Question 20

Rough ER

Answer 20

ER that is clotted with ribosomes

Question 21

Smooth ER

Answer 21

ER that has no ribosomes

Question 22

Leucoplasts

Answer 22

organelles that store starches or oil

Question 23

chromoplasts

Answer 23

organelles that contain pigment used for photosynthesis

Question 24

contractile vacuole

Answer 24

a large vacuole that rests at the center of most plant cells and is filled with solution that contains a high concentrate of solute

Question 25

waste vacuole

Answer 25

vacuole that contains waste products of digestion

Question 26

phagocytosis

Answer 26

the process by which a cell engulfs foreign substances or other cells

Question 27

phagocytic vacuole

Answer 27

a vacuole that holds the matter which a cell engulfs

Question 28

pinocytic vesicle

Answer 28

vesicle formed at the plasma membrane to allow the absorption of large molecules

Question 29

secretion vesicle

Answer 29

vesicle that holds secretion products so that they can be transported to the plasma membrane and released

Question 30

Golgi bodies

Answer 30

the organelles where proteins and lipids are stored and then modified to suit the needs of the cell

Question 31

microtubules

Answer 31

spiral strands of protein molecules that form a tube-like structure

Question 32

nuclear membrane

Answer 32

a highly-porous membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm

Question 33

chromatin

Answer 33

clusters of DNA, RNA and proteins in the nucleus of a cell

Question 34

Cytoskeleton

Answer 34

a network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement

Question 35

microfilament

Answer 35

fine, threadlike proteins found in the cells cytoskeleton

Question 36

intermediate filaments

Answer 36

threadlike proteins in the cells cytoskeleton that are roughly twice as thick as microfilaments

Question 37

phospholipid

Answer 37

a lipid in which one of the fatty acid molecules has been replaced by a molecule that contains a phosphate group

Question 38

passive transport

Answer 38

movement of molecules through the plasma membrane according to dictates of osmosis or diffusion

Question 39

active transport

Answer 39

movement of molecules through the plasma membrane (typically opposite the dictates of osmosis or diffusion) aided by the process that requires energy

Question 40

isotonic solution

Answer 40

a solution in which the concentration of solutes is essentially equal to that of the cell which resides in the solution

Question 41

hypertonic solution

Answer 41

a solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater that that of the cell that resides in the solution

Question 42

plasmolyisis

Answer 42

collapse of a walled cells cytoplasm due to lack of water

Question 43

cytolysis

Answer 43

the rupturing of a cell due to excess internal pressure

Question 44

hypotonic solution

Answer 44

a solution in which the concentration of solutes is less that that of the cell that resides in the solution