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AZ900 > Module 6 > Flashcards

Module 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is meant by Compute in Azure

A

On demaind computing service for cloud based Apps

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2
Q

What types of resources provides compute that are not serverless

A

VMs and Containers

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3
Q

When do you pay for compute resources

A

Whilst they are being used

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4
Q

Compute resources are available on demand and can be created how quickly

A

In seconds or minutes

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5
Q

What is a VM

A

Software emulation of physical computer

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6
Q

What does a VM host

A

OS and the Software you install

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7
Q

How do you connect to a VM

A

RDP

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8
Q

What is a container

A

Virtuaisation environment for running applications

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9
Q

What/How does a Container host/run Apps

A

Containers run on top of Host OS but do not include OS for apps running inside containers

Containers bundle libraries/components using host OS running the container

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10
Q

What is Azure App Service and what is it designed for?

A

PaaS designed to host enterprise web apps.

Can meet rigorous performance, scalabilty, secrity and compliance.

Using fully managed platform to perform infrastructure mainternance.

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11
Q

What is serverless computing

A

Cloud hosted execution environment that runs code abstracting undelying hosting environment.

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12
Q

Using VMs, Containers, App Service and Serverless compute types is not an all or nothing approach.

What are some potential examples of how it might fit together

A

You might put core App on a VM and off load some data processing to a serverless app.

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13
Q

What is a benefit of Serveless Compute

A

Serverless requires no infra management and usually expects its work to be completed in seconds or less

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14
Q

Creating and using a VM in the cloud provides IaaS.

You can customise all the software running on the VM, what is this ideal for..

A

This is ideal when you require total control over OS, running of custom software, using custom hosting config.

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15
Q

This Gives flexibility of virtualization without buying/maintaining physical H/W, but you still need to…

A

maintain VM, i.e. config, udpate, maintain S/W running on VM

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16
Q

What are some of the times/examples when to use VMs in Azure

A
  • Test/Dev - quick and easy to test different OS configs and delete after
  • Running cloud apps - substantial economic benefits over trad infra (i.e. shutting down/starting up VMs as demand fluctuates)
  • Extending Data Center to cloud, organisation can extend capabilities of on-prem by adding an Azure vNet and adding VMs.
  • Apps like Sharepoint can run on VM making it easier/less expensive than on-prem.
  • During DR - Significant cost savings by using IaaS for DR. If Primary DC fails to stand up VMs to run Apps until private DC becomes active again
  • Moving to Cloud with VMs - Excellent choice for physical server to cloud “Lift and Shift”, Image physical server host on VM with little or no changes. Must update installed OS and software
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17
Q

Single VMs are OK for Dev and test etc however which features allow High Availability, Scalability and Redundancy

A
  • Availability Sets, VM Scale Sets, Azure Batch
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18
Q

Availability sets for VMs is a…

A
  • Logical grouping of 2 or more VMs, keep application up during planned or unplanned maintenance
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19
Q

If planned maintenance requires a reboot a what does an availability set ensure

A
  • If this requires reboot of VM, Availability sets ensure reboots are sequenced so not all of associated VMs are rebooted at the same time.
  • This is done by putting VMs into update domains which groups physical H/W to those that can be rebooted together.
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20
Q

What types of seperations are Update domains

A

Update domains are logical seperations

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21
Q

What is meant by unplanned maintenance

A

Unplanned Maintenance, such as H/W failure, power outage or disk failure will cause VMs part of availability set to switch to working H/W so continues to run

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22
Q

A group of VMs sharing common H/W are within the same ……..

A

Fault Domain

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23
Q

What is a fault domain

A
  • A fault domain is essentially a rack of servers physically splitting out power, cooling, networking
24
Q

Within an availability set how many Fault and Update domains are there

A
  • With availability set you get 3 fault domains, 5 update domains (can be increased to 20)
  • VMs sequentially placed across fault and update domains
25
Q

How do you pay for Availability Sets

A

There are no costs for availability sets you only pay for the VMs

26
Q

What is a VM scale set

A

A group of identical, load balanced VMs

27
Q

Multiple VMs normally require addition service to be setup to load balance and route requests - VM scale sets do this for you

What are some of the things this allows you to do

A
  • Allowing you to centrally manage/config/update large number of VMs to provide HA apps
  • VMs can increase/decrease based on demand or schedules
  • Build large scale services for compute, big data and container workloads
28
Q

What is Azure Batch

A

Large scale job scheduling + compute management, scale to 10s 100s 1000s of VMs

29
Q

When running a job, what does Azure Batch do

A
  • Starts VM pool, Installs applications + staging data, Runs jobs with as many tasks as required, identifies failures, requests work, scales down pool as completes
30
Q

Containers are an excellent choice for running multiple instances of Apps on a single host machine, what does the Container orchestrator do

A
  • Container Orchestrator can start, stop and scale out app instances as required
31
Q

What is a container

A
  • Container = Modified runtime environment built on top of host OS that executes application.
32
Q

Why are containers typically lighter than VMs?

A
  • Does not use virtualisation so no resources used simulating H/W with a redundant OS, so typically containers are “lighter” than VMs
33
Q

Containers allow for quick changes in demand or failure.

Containers allow you to run multiple isolated apps on a single container host so there is no need for…

A

no need for separate servers for each app

34
Q

Containers in Azure Support docker.

Which two ways are they to manage containers in Azure

A
  • Azure Container Instance (ACI)

- Azure Kubernetes Service (AKI)

35
Q

Which is the fastest/simpliest way to run a container

A

Azure Container Service

36
Q

With Azure Container Instances there is no VM management or config of additional services.

This is a PaaS offering , what are the benefits of this service

A
  • PaaS offering - allowing container upload + execution

- Auto Elastic Scale

37
Q

What is Azure Kubernetes Service used for

A
  • Automating/managing/interacting with lots of containers is known as orchestration
  • Azure Kubernetes Services is complete orchestration service for containers with distributed architectures with multiple containers.
38
Q

What solutions are a good use for containers

A
  • Containers often used in micro service architecture (i.e. break solutions into smaller independent pieces) e.g. split Website into front end, back end and storage - allowing maintenance, scaling, updates to be done independent pieces)
  • Apps to containers - You can move existing apps to containers **and run within Azure Kubernetes service, control access with Azure AD and access SLA backend services such as Azure MySQL
39
Q

What does Azure App Service allow?

A

Build/host WebApps, background jobs, mobile backends, RestAPIs in programming language of your choice with no infra to manage

40
Q

Auto Scaling and High Availability is part of Azure App Service, it supports which OSs?

A

Windows and Linux

41
Q

Azure App Service enables auto deployments from where and supports which deployment model

A
  • Enables Auto deployments from GitHub, Azure Devops or any GIT repo supporting continuous deployment model
42
Q

Azure App Service allows focus on website or API logic with Azure handling….

A

Azure to handle infrastructure to run and scale apps

43
Q

How do you pay for App Service

A
  • Pay for compute resource for your app whilst it processes requiests
  • App service plan determines how much H/W is devolved to your host (e.g. dedicated/shared H/W, how much memory is reserved for it - A free tier is available for low traffic sites)
44
Q

What types of WebApps can be hosted with Azure App Services

A
  • Webapps, API Apps, Web Jobs, Mobile Apps
45
Q

Web Apps in Azure App Service supports which programming languages on which OSs

A
  • Full support for ASP.net, ASP.Net Core, Java, Ruby, NodeJS, PHP, Python
  • On either Linux or Windows
46
Q

API Apps within Azure App Services allow you to build what

A
  • Build Rest-Based APIs using your choice of language and framework
47
Q

API Apps within Azure App Services have Full Swagger Support and allow to package/publish APIs to where…

Also how are API Apps consumed

A
  • Package/Publish API in Azure Market Place

- Consumption by HTTP(S) client

48
Q

What do Web Jobs within Azure App Service allow?

What is this useful for and how can they be run?

A
  • Allows running of .exe, JAVA, Python, NodeJS Programs
  • Allows running of CMD, BAT, PowerShell, BASH scripts in same context as WebApp, API App or mobile app
  • Scheduled or run by trigger
  • Often useful for background task of app logic
49
Q

Within Azure App Service you can build mobile backends, what are some of the benefits of this

A

Quickly build backend for iOS/Android

Store Data in cloud based SQL DB

Authenticate against social providers, MS, Google, Twitter, Facebook

Send Push Notifications

Exec custom backend logic in C# or NodeJS

50
Q

Serverless computing allows the abstraction of Servers, Infra and resources allocation/deallocation on demand.

How are you billed for resources and do you need reserve capacity

A
  • Azure Manages Infra structure and resource allocation/deallocation on demand
  • Scaling and performance is handled automatically - bulled for resources you use + no need to reserve capacity.
51
Q

Serverless computing allows the abstraction of servers, what are some of the key points around this

A
  • Never explicitly reserve server instances
  • Each functions exec can run on a different compute instance
  • Exec context transparent to code
  • Deploy code which runs with HA
52
Q

Serverless computing allows Event driven scale, what are some of the key points around this

A
  • Execellent fit for workloads that respond to incoming events
  • Trigger by timers, HTTP (API/Webhook), queues and More
  • Dev Writes function not full app
  • Contains code + meta data about triggers
  • Platform auto scheduled function to run + scales compute instances on incoming events
53
Q

Serverless computing allows for micro billing, what are some of the key points around this

A
  • Trad compute = Billed by second, if only one website hit per day you still pay for full days availability
  • Serverless = Pay when code runs
54
Q

Azure has 2 implementations of serverless compute, what are they?

A

Azure Functions

Azure Logic Apps

55
Q

What are some of the key elements of Azure Functions

A
  • Concerned about code and not underlying platform or infra
  • Common when responding to event (i.e. REST Request, timer, message from Azure Service)
  • Work completes in seconds or less
  • Scale on demand, solid choice for variable demand (e.g. Messages from IOT device)
  • With VM - incur costs when VM is idel, Azure Functions only pay for execution
  • Stateless by default, behave as if restarted everytime they respond
  • Stateful (durable function) - context passed through track prior to activity
  • Key to serverless computing - also general compute platform for running any type of code
  • if needs change you can deploy in env that is not serverless proving flexibility to manage scaling, run on VMs and isolated functions
56
Q

What are some of the key functions of azure Logic Apps

A
  • Similar to functions except they execute workflows designed to automate business scenerios from pre-defined logic blocks
  • All start with a trigger - fires on even or new data meets criteria
  • Many Triggers include basic schedulling functionality
  • When trigger firs the logiv app engine creates a logic app instance which runs the workflow.
  • Actions can include, data conversions, flow control (i.e. Conditional/Switch loops and branching)
  • Logic Apps are created in Visual designer in the Azure Portal or Visual Studio
  • Work flows persisted as JSON file (workflow schema)
  • Over 200 connectors and processing blocks to interface with
  • Build custom connectors + steps if required
57
Q

What are some of the differences between Azure Functions and Azure Logic Apps

A

Azure Functions vs Logic Apps

  • Can both create complex orchestrations
  • Functions = code to complete step
  • Logic Apps = Gui
  • Mix and Match call functions from logic app and vice versa

Azure Functions

  • Normally stateless but can be durable
  • Code first
  • 12ish binding types, code custom binding
  • Each action = Azure function
  • Monitor with Azure application insights
  • Manage with Rest API or Visual Studio
  • Execution context is local or Cloud

Azure Logic Apps

  • Statefull
  • Designer first with GUI
  • Large collection of connectors, ability to build custom connectores
  • Ready made actions
  • Monitor with Portal or Log analytics
  • Manage with Portal, RestApi, Poweshell or Visual Studio
  • Execution context is cloud only.

AZ900 (12 decks)

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