Module 6 (Behavior and Health Interventions) Flashcards
(47 cards)
What are the major components of health information?
Informing personal behavior
Increasing awareness of community health problems
Influence public policy
Health literacy
What are the major sources of self efficacy?
enactive mastery (performance outcomes)
vicarious experience (e.g. relating to media characters)
verbal persuasion (e.g. words of affirmation)
physiological arousal (e.g. emotional state)
What are some of the tops ways to encouraging changing behaviors related to health?
Make the healthy choice the easy choice
Changing the environment (e.g. adding a sidewalk by a busy street in a pedestrian area)
Change the social context
What is risk assessment?
risk = probability of loss of “worth”
identifies events and exposures that may be harmful to humans
estimates the probabilities of their occurrence
estimates the extent of harm they may cause
What is risk perception?
involves psychological factors
is the result of the apparent irrationality of the public in response to risks that experts estimate to be small
Has multiple factors, including dread, control, and familiarity
What is one of the main components of changing risky behaviors involving alcohol?
reduce binge drinking
What are strategies for encouraging healthy sexual behavior?
prevent STIs
reduce stigma
comprehensive sex health ed course for providers
life course perspective (sexual health is a part of overall health)
What is typically the most effective method for changing health behavior / affecting health disparities and outcomes?
changing the environment
What are the main risky behaviors public health addresses?
safe sex, tobacco use, alcohol use, getting exercise, and healthy diet
Describe the health behavior framework
Describe the health belief model
Describe the ecological model of health
Describe the transtheoretical model of health
What are important components of the health behavior frameworK?
Intended behavior, behavior, and long term behavior are 3 separate entities
Barriers, supports, and demographic factors are included
Considers the context within which the desired health behavior and behavior change are enacted, including characteristics of the provider and the healthcare settings and larger community / societal influences
It shows how all the factors effect each other on multiple levels
What is community capacity?
which refers to characteristics of communities that affect their ability to identify, mobilize, and
address social and public health problems
What are mutable versus immutable targets?
Mutable = liable to change
e.g. individual (increasing knowledge, reducing barriers), provider (practice norms), health policies (immutable in community interventions)
Immutable = unlikely / unable to be changed
(e.g. demographics, macro level changes in community interventions)
What theories were involved in founding the Health Behavior Framework?
Social Cognitive Theory
the Health Belief Model
the Theory of Planned Behavior
the Transtheoretical Model of Change
Social Influence Theory
What is the ecological health behavior model?
A model that looks at how the social environment (Including interpersonal, organizational, community, and public policy factors) supports and maintains unhealthy behaviors.
What are the 4 key steps to health promotion programs?
- Belief in personal threat
- Belief in response efficacy
- Belief in personal efficacy
- Belief that new behaviors are consistent with group norms
What is the leading cause of Disability Adjusted Life Years in the US?
cigarette smoking
What percentage of the US population smokes cigarettes?
14%, down from 42% in 1965
What strategies were effective in decreasing smoking in the US?
Laws about the ability to advertise smoking
Taxing cigarettes
Preventing young people from smoking
Restriction of indoor smoking
Mass media campaigns
What report did the US Department of Agriculture and the US Department of Health and Human Services establish regarding nutrition?
Dietary Guidelines for Americans (started in 1980)
According to the most recent NHANES study, what percentage of US Americans are obese?
74.6% of men and 67.4% of women age 20 and over